Influence of Deleterious Phases Precipitation in the Corrosion Resistance Measured by Double Loop Electrochemical Polarization Reactivation Test in Superduplex Stainless Steel

Pardal, Juan Manuel; Tavares, Sérgio Souto Maior; Souza, Guttemberg Chagas de; Fonseca, Maria Cindra; Ponzio, Eduardo A.; Macêdo, Marcelo Camargo Severo de

doi:10.1590/1516-1439.001614

Cited by 7 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Ir/Ia and Qr/Qa results show the same tendency and are very reproducible. Similar results were obtained for the others analyzed conditions by portable and conventional method, as reported 9 . Nevertheless, can be observed a greater degree of sensitization in SD-A ( Figure 5(a)), when compared with same condition of SD-B ( Figure 5(b)).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Conventional DL-EPR tests were performed in the laboratory using a potentiostat galvanostat µAutolab ® Type 3 shown in Figure 1, with a cell containing three electrodes 9 . The area exposed to the electrolyte was a square with 1.0 cm 2 , and the volume of solution was 250 mL.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous work, Pardal et al 9 evaluated the effects of isothermal aging in a SDSS UNS S32750, with different grain sizes, by DL-EPR. It was employed a solution with 2.00 M H 2 SO 4 + 0.01 M KSCN + 0.50 M NaCI at 40ºC in the conventional destructive method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nondestructive Microstructural Characterization of Superduplex Stainless Steel by Double Loop Electrochemical Polarization Reactivation Portable Test

et al. 2017

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Superduplex stainless steels (SDSS) are frequently employed in the petrochemical industries where is required high mechanical strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance. However, these properties can be affected by deleterious phases formation due thermomechanical processes applied in the field during pipes and vessels construction. This work propose the nondestructive microstructural characterization of deleterious phases precipitated in SDSS isothermally treated in 800 and 850ºC using portable double loop electrochemical polarization reactivation tests (DL-EPR). The results obtained in this nondestructive test are quite close to those obtained by conventional test, and can be correlated with the amount of deleterious phases precipitated. It can be concluded that the microstructural degradation of superduplex stainless steel can be evaluated by portable DL-EPR test with slow sweep rates, using a special cell and a proper electrolyte at room temperature.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nondestructive Microstructural Characterization of Superduplex Stainless Steel by Double Loop Electrochemical Polarization Reactivation Portable Test

et al. 2017

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“…Temperature Time Transformation (TTT) diagrams show that this phase is usually formed in the 800-950°C temperature range [34][35][36]. Sigma phase precipitation can occur in δ/δ and δ/γ boundaries, and growth consuming the δ-phase, according to equation δ → σ + γ 2 in a lamellar or divorced eutectoid decomposition of ferrite [17,[20][21][22][23][37][38][39][40][41][42]. According to Chen et al [23] the divorced eutectoid decomposition of ferrite that forms more coarse particles of sigma occurs more intensely in temperatures above 900°C due to a high diffusivity of the elements in higher temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ISO 12732 [64] suggests an electrolytic solution containing HCl 3.0 mol L −1 for DL-EPR tests in DSS and SDSS. To optimise the technique's results and make them more coherent, some researchers applied modifications, normally using H 2 SO 4 and KSCN in a higher concentration than the original for austenitic stainless steels and adding NaCl [37,57,58,68,69]. In other works, the researchers used an electrolytic solution composed of H 2 SO 4 and HCl [70][71][72][73].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DL-EPR vs. LSV-KOH: from simple detection of deleterious phases to analysis of morphology and high accuracy on determination of sigma phase in UNS S32750 stainless steel

Sampaio

Furtado

Ignácio

et al. 2022

Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology

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An optimised electrochemical technique, linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) in KOH solution (LSV-KOH) was confronted with the double loop electrochemical Potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) to verify which is the best technique to quantify deleterious phases (DP) in a UNS S32750 super duplex stainless steel. DL-EPR presented an error in determination of deleterious phases in the range of 6.9-100%. LSV-KOH show a better accuracy in quantification of deleterious phases volume fractions, the error range for LSV-KOH was 2.4-26.2%. When the morphology of sigma changes from lamellar to divorced, was observed modifications on LSV-KOH voltammograms. In specimens where lamellar morphology is present, the voltammograms show two peaks curve. Meanwhile, in specimens where occurred also divorced precipitation of sigma the voltammograms changes to a 3 peaks curve. This feature is due to the dissolution of sigma phase boundaries which has different compositions according to the form of sigma precipitation.

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Effect of heat treatment on the chromium‐depleted zones of a high carbon martensitic stainless steel

Siqueira

Alves

Luiz

et al. 2021

Materials & Corrosion

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Heat treatments are commonly applied in the martensitic stainless steels to achieve high wear resistance and hardness; however, they can lead to a decrease in corrosion resistance due to the precipitation of chromium-rich carbides. The present work investigates the effect of austenitizing and tempering parameters on the microstructure, hardness, and passivation and reactivation currents of AISI 440C. A double-loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation test is performed to evaluate the dissolution and precipitation of chromium-rich carbides. The volume fraction of phases after heat treatment is estimated by X-ray diffraction. Results show that an increase in the austenitizing temperature leads to an increase in the carbide dissolution, and also in the amount of retained austenite. As a consequence, low passivation and reactivation currents are obtained. When austenite is the main phase, the increase of austenitizing time contributed to an increase in the degree of sensitization due to austenite grain boundary carbon enrichment. However, the presence of austenite after tempering kept part of the carbon in a solid solution resulting in low passivation and reactivation currents.

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Influence of Deleterious Phases Precipitation in the Corrosion Resistance Measured by Double Loop Electrochemical Polarization Reactivation Test in Superduplex Stainless Steel

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Nondestructive Microstructural Characterization of Superduplex Stainless Steel by Double Loop Electrochemical Polarization Reactivation Portable Test

Nondestructive Microstructural Characterization of Superduplex Stainless Steel by Double Loop Electrochemical Polarization Reactivation Portable Test

DL-EPR vs. LSV-KOH: from simple detection of deleterious phases to analysis of morphology and high accuracy on determination of sigma phase in UNS S32750 stainless steel

Effect of heat treatment on the chromium‐depleted zones of a high carbon martensitic stainless steel

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