Influence of Dendritic Growth of Equiaxed Grains on As-Cast Grain Size Prediction of Inoculated Aluminum Alloys

Xu, Yijiang; Du, Qiang; Li, Yan Jun

doi:10.1007/s12666-015-0636-3

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Among the experimental works, in-situ Xradiographic studies [10][11][12][13] have greatly contributed to the in-depth understanding of the nucleation and growth behaviours of grains in inoculated aluminium alloys. Based on the important free-growth criterion for heterogeneous nucleation of grains on potent inoculation particles proposed by Greer et al [14], more advanced grain size prediction models for inoculated aluminium alloys have been developed in the last decade, in which the effects of addition level of grain refiners, solute concentration, cooling rate and temperature gradient have been well addressed [10,11,15,16]. The simulation results have a good agreement with the measured grain size of in-situ X-radiographic experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Understanding the inoculation of aluminium grains during welding under the influences of high cooling rate and high temperature gradient

Xu,

Kvam-Langelandsvik,

Bunaziv

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Inoculation is an important method to generate fine equiaxed grain structures in alloys during solidification, which is widely used in shape casting and direct chill casting processes of aluminium alloys. Different from the normal casting processes, welding and additive manufacturing can have ultrahigh cooling rate and temperature gradient during solidification. This makes the grain refinement by inoculation method more difficult. Therefore, a deeper understanding on the influences of cooling rate and temperature gradient on the nucleation and growth of grains is necessary. In this work, a numerical model is developed to quantitatively address the above influences. The model has been successfully applied to predict the grain size in the welding of aluminium alloys as a function of locations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Understanding the inoculation of aluminium grains during welding under the influences of high cooling rate and high temperature gradient

Xu,

Kvam-Langelandsvik,

Bunaziv

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…The numerical model used in this work is based on the recently developed as-cast grain size prediction model, [10,11,29] where the grain growth model is based on dendritic growth kinetics of hemispherical-shaped dendrite tips.…”

Section: Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Inclusion and Filtration on Grain Refinement Efficiency of Aluminum Alloy

Yang

Bao

et al. 2022

Metall Mater Trans A

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It is well known that the filtration efficiency of ceramic foam filters (CFF) on aluminum melt can be significantly reduced by the addition of grain refiner particles under a high inclusion load. Also, it is usually considered that the filtration process has little impact on grain refinement efficiency. In this work, the influence of inclusions and filtration on the grain refinement effect of AA 6060 alloy has been studied. This was done through TP-1 type solidification experiments where the aluminum melt prior to and after the filter during a pilot-scale filtration test was investigated. In the experiments, 80 PPi CFFs were used to filtrate aluminum melt with an ultra-high inclusion load and two addition levels of Al–3Ti–1B master alloys. It is found that both inclusions and filtration significantly reduce the grain refinement efficiency of the grain refiner master alloys. A detailed characterization of the used filters shows that the reduction of grain refinement efficiency is due to the strong adherence of TiB2 particles to the oxide films, which are blocked by the CFF during filtration. A grain size prediction model based on deterministic nucleation mechanisms and dendritic growth kinetics has been applied to calculate the solidification grain size and estimate the loss of effective grain refiner particles during filtration. It is shown that due to the strong adherence between TiB2 particles and oxide films in the melt, the high addition level of aluminum chips also has an influence on reducing the grain refinement efficiency of aluminum melt without filtration. The results of this study extended our understanding of the behavior and performance of inoculant particles in CFF and their interactions with the inclusions.

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“…In most of the previous grain size prediction models [31,[70][71][72][73][74][75][76], the and data of pure Al is used for Al alloys. Some researchers [77] chose different values for different alloy system, but neglected the concentration dependence of the solute elements. In the present work, the influence of solute elements and contents on was calculated by the thermodynamic approach combined with the solid-liquid interface model.…”

Section: Influence Of Solute Content On Heterogeneous Nucleation Of Imentioning

confidence: 99%

A Thermodynamic Study on the Effect of Solute on the Nucleation Driving Force, Solid–Liquid Interfacial Energy, and Grain Refinement of Al Alloys

Zhao

2018

Metall Mater Trans A

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Chemical composition is known to have significant effects on the grain refinement behavior of inoculated Al alloys during solidification. In this study, the influences of solute contents on the thermodynamic nucleation driving force and solid-liquid interfacial energy of binary Al alloys have been studied by CALPHAD method. The solute effect on the nucleation barrier and nucleation rate, thus on the grain refinement of Al alloys both with and without high potency nucleation particles, was analyzed based on the classical heterogeneous nucleation theory and free growth concept. Based on the classical heterogeneous nucleation theory, the calculation results reveal that Si has the effect of increasing the nucleation barrier of heterogeneous nucleation of grains and thus reduce the nucleation rate significantly. Alloying elements Cu and Mg have the effect of promoting heterogeneous nucleation and grain refinement. However, peritectic forming elements, e.g., Ti, Zr, V, have only negligible effects on the nucleation barrier. For solidification of Al alloys inoculated with high potency nucleation particles, the effect of nucleation driving force caused by different solute elements on the grain size of inoculated aluminum alloys has been quantitatively studied by a grain size prediction model for isothermal melt solidification. It is revealed that the solute dependent Gibbs-Thompson coefficients of Al-Cu, Al-Mg and Al-Si alloys have the influence of promoting the grain refinement by reducing the free growth undercooling.

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Influence of Dendritic Growth of Equiaxed Grains on As-Cast Grain Size Prediction of Inoculated Aluminum Alloys

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Understanding the inoculation of aluminium grains during welding under the influences of high cooling rate and high temperature gradient

Understanding the inoculation of aluminium grains during welding under the influences of high cooling rate and high temperature gradient

Effect of Inclusion and Filtration on Grain Refinement Efficiency of Aluminum Alloy

A Thermodynamic Study on the Effect of Solute on the Nucleation Driving Force, Solid–Liquid Interfacial Energy, and Grain Refinement of Al Alloys

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