Influence of dietary protein on essential fatty acids in the gonadal tissue of the sea urchins Psammechinus miliaris and Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata)

Cook, Elizabeth; Hughes, Adam D.; Orr, Heather; Kelly, Maeve; Black, Kenneth D.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.10.032

Cited by 40 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…As a result, the polar lipid had the highest degree of fatty acid unsaturation (DUS) ( Table 2). Our results on the lipid and fatty acid composition of the three common species of sea urchin were consistent with those obtained from other studies (Cook et al, 2007;Liyana-Pathirana et al, 2002a). On the other hand, the high levels of AA and EPA detected in these urchin species supported the development of aquaculture of these urchins in local area, since PUFAs are important for human nutrition (Lawrence, 2007).…”

Section: Fatty Acid Compositionsupporting

confidence: 95%

“…1), which was similar to previous reports. In other urchin species, such as S. droebachiensis, P. miliaris and P. lividus, lipid was also the dominant component of the gonads, among which neutral lipid, especially triacylglycerol, was the major lipid fraction (Cook et al, 2007;Gonzalez-Duran et al, 2008;Liyana-Pathirana et al, 2002b;Montero-Torreiro and Garcia-Martinez, 2003). These results indicated that lipid, most importantly triacylglycerol, is the major storage nutrient for the development and enhancement of the gonad in sea urchin.…”

Section: Proximate Biochemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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A comparative analysis of lipid and carotenoid composition of the gonads of Anthocidaris crassispina, Diadema setosum and Salmacis sphaeroides

et al. 2010

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Section: Fatty Acid Compositionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Section: Proximate Biochemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 82%

A comparative analysis of lipid and carotenoid composition of the gonads of Anthocidaris crassispina, Diadema setosum and Salmacis sphaeroides

et al. 2010

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“…Indeed, much research has been done to reproduce the entire life cycle of Paracentrotus lividus, since aquaculture techniques have the potential for production of this species for both human consumption and for its use as model in research in developmental biology. Therefore, a number of studies have been conducted on the feeding preferences of juvenile and adult sea urchins and, as these echinoderms are herbivorous, they have focused on the use of several algal species (Le Gall, 1989;Frantzis and Grémare, 1992;Boudouresque et al, 1996;Lemée et al, 1996;Grosjean et al, 1996Grosjean et al, , 1998Cook and Kelly, 2007a;Cook et al, 2007). On the other hand, the use of different artificial diets has been tested in trials aimed to improve gonadal quality and somatic growth of the sea urchins (Fernandez, 1997;Basuyaux and Blin, 1998;Fernandez and Pergent, 1998;Spirlet et al, 1998bSpirlet et al, , 2001Fernandez and Boudouresque, 2000;Pantazis, 2009;Fabbrocini et al, 2011).…”

Section: Rearing In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Molluscs and echinoderms aquaculture: biological aspects, current status, technical progress and future perspectives for the most promising species in Italy

Parisi

Centoducati

Gasco

et al. 2012

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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Shellfish aquaculture is a widespread activity in the Italian peninsula. However, only two bivalve species are mainly cultured along the coastline of that country: the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and the Manila clam Venerupis philippinarum (Ruditapes philippinarum). By contrast, just a few other mollusc species of commercial interest are scarcely reared at a small-scale level.After analysing the current status of Italian shellfish production, this paper reports and discusses the potential for culturing several different invertebrate species [i.e., the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis, the grooved carpet shell Venerupis decussata (Ruditapes decussatus), the razor clams Ensis minor and Solen marginatus, the cephalopod Octopus vulgaris, and the purple sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus] in this country.In addition, a detailed overview of the progress made in aquacultural techniques for these species in the Mediterranean basin is presented, highlighting the most relevant bottlenecks and the way forward to shift from the experimental to the aquaculture phase. Finally, an outlook of the main economic and environmental benefits arising from these shellfish culture practices is also given.

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“…However, dietary FAs are often modified by the consumer, either by elongation, desaturation, or de novo synthesis of FAs from precursors present in dietary tissues (Cook et al, 2007;González-Durán et al, 2008;Brett et al, 2016). Our understanding of FA trophic modification by marine invertebrates is still developing, and sea urchins are an interesting case study for this question because they have been studied for the sake of aquaculture (Castell et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aquaculture studies have extensively investigated ratios of lipids in urchin diets that maximize the incorporation of essential FAs into gonad production and growth (Castell et al, 2004;Cook et al, 2007) for the sake of improved uni production. In pursuit of ideal FA ratios in diets, researchers have noted that urchins are capable of de novo synthesis of novel FAs, including non-methylene interrupted dienes (NMID; Takagi et al, 1980;Castell et al, 2004;González-Durán et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic Transfer of Macroalgal Fatty Acids in Two Urchin Species: Digestion, Egestion, and Tissue Building

et al. 2018

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Sea urchins are ecosystem engineers of nearshore benthic communities because of their influence on the abundance and distribution of macroalgal species. Urchins are notoriously inefficient in assimilation of their macroalgal diets, so their fecal production can provide a nutritional subsidy to benthic consumers that cannot capture and handle large macroalgae. We studied the assimilation of macroalgal diets by urchins by analyzing the profiles of trophic biomarkers such as fatty acids (FAs). We tracked macroalgal diet assimilation in both Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis and S. purpuratus. Juvenile S. droebachiensis and adult S. purpuratus were maintained for 180 and 70 days, respectively, on one of three monoculture diets from three algal phyla: Nereocystis luetkeana, Pyropia sp., or Ulva sp. We then analyzed FA profiles of the macroalgal tissue fed to urchins as well as urchin gonad, gut, digesta, and egesta (feces) to directly evaluate trophic modification and compare nutritional quality of urchin food sources, urchin tissues, and fecal subsidies. In the S. purpuratus assay, there were significantly more total lipids in the digesta and egesta than in the algae consumed. The FA profiles of urchin tissues differed among urchin species, all diets, and tissue types. Despite these differences, we observed similar patterns in the relationships between the urchin and macroalgal tissues for both species. Egesta produced by urchins fed each of the three diets were depleted with respect to the concentration of important long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), but did not differ significantly from the source alga consumed. Both urchin species were shown to synthesize and selectively retain both the precursor and resulting LCPUFAs involved in the synthesis of the LCPUFAs 20:4ω6 and 20:5ω3. S. droebachiensis and S. purpuratus exhibited consistent patterns in the respective depletion and retention of precursor FAs and resulting LCPUFAs of Pyropia and Ulva tissues, suggesting species level control of macroalgal digestion or differential tissue processing by gut microbiota. For both S. droebachiensis and S. purpuratus, macroalgal diet was a surprisingly strong driver of urchin tissue fatty acids; this indicates the potential of fatty acids for future quantitative trophic estimates of urchin assimilation of algal phyla in natural settings.

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Influence of dietary protein on essential fatty acids in the gonadal tissue of the sea urchins Psammechinus miliaris and Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata)

Cited by 40 publications

References 34 publications

A comparative analysis of lipid and carotenoid composition of the gonads of Anthocidaris crassispina, Diadema setosum and Salmacis sphaeroides

A comparative analysis of lipid and carotenoid composition of the gonads of Anthocidaris crassispina, Diadema setosum and Salmacis sphaeroides

Molluscs and echinoderms aquaculture: biological aspects, current status, technical progress and future perspectives for the most promising species in Italy

Trophic Transfer of Macroalgal Fatty Acids in Two Urchin Species: Digestion, Egestion, and Tissue Building

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