Influence of dietary saturated fat content on adiposity, macrophage behavior, inflammation, and metabolism: composition matters

Enos, Reilly T.; Davis, J. Mark; Velázquez, Kandy T.; McClellan, Jamie L.; Day, Stani D.; Carnevale, Kevin; Murphy, E. Angela

doi:10.1194/jlr.m030700

Cited by 111 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Initiation of the inflammatory process comes from cellular stress at the level of the adipocyte [56]. Adipocytes undergo hyperplasia and hypertrophy, and together with circulating free fatty acids and their by-products, initiate an inflammatory signaling cascade.…”

Section: Obesity Systemic Inflammation and Low Back Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Low Back Pain: Is There a Weight of Evidence to Support a Positive Relationship?

et al. 2013

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Obesity and low back pain (LBP) are responsible for significant morbidities and financial expenditure. Numerous studies have demonstrated a positive relationship between obesity and LBP, but a concurrent investigation of causality is often omitted. Spinal clinicians routinely prescribe exercise and weight loss for obese patients with LBP, despite a paucity of literature evaluating why obesity might cause LBP or how exercise and weight loss might be suitable treatments for LBP. Etiologies have tended to focus on the biomechanical effects of obesity that lead to excessive loading and degeneration of the lumbar spine. However, recent evidence suggests that systemic inflammation associated with obesity may also be an important contributor to LBP. In this article, the latest evidence investigating the relationship between obesity and LBP is reviewed, an overview of the impact of exercise and weight loss on LBP is provided, and proposed mechanisms connecting obesity, systemic inflammation, and LBP are outlined.

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Section: Obesity Systemic Inflammation and Low Back Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Low Back Pain: Is There a Weight of Evidence to Support a Positive Relationship?

et al. 2013

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“…Lifestyle factors such as diet and nutritional status, physical activity and stress can influence the ability to mount effective immune responses to infectious challenge (Lesourd, 2006). In particular, immunocompetence is directly affected by nutrition as deficiencies in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 9 several vitamins and minerals, protein-energy malnutrition and excessive intakes of saturated fatty acids can impair immune responses (Enos et al, 2013;Lesourd, 2006;Pae et al, 2012).…”

Section: Dietary Influence On the Aged Immune Response (Improvement/rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition, diet and immunosenescence

Maijó

Clements

Ivory

et al. 2014

Mechanisms of Ageing and Development

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Ageing is characterized by immunosenescence and the progressive decline in immunity in association with an increased frequency of infections and chronic disease. This complex process affects both the innate and adaptive immune systems with a progressive decline in most immune cell populations and defects in activation resulting in loss of function. Although host genetics and environmental factors, such as stress, exercise and diet can impact on the onset or course of immunosenescence, the mechanisms involved are largely unknown. This review focusses on identifying the most significant aspects of immunosenescence and on the evidence that nutritional intervention might delay this process, and consequently improve the quality of life of the elderly. We would like to thank the reviewers for their careful review of our manuscript, which has been revised accordingly. Below, we have provided a point-by-point reply to the issues raised: AbstractAgeing is characterized by immunosenescence and the progressive decline in immunity in association with an increased frequency of infections and chronic disease. This complex process affects both the innate and adaptive immune systems with a progressive decline in most immune cell populations and defects in activation resulting in loss of function. Although host genetics and environmental factors, such as stress, exercise and diet can impact on the onset or course of immunosenescence, the mechanisms involved are largely unknown. This review focusses on identifying the most significant aspects of immunosenescence and on the evidence that nutritional intervention might delay this process, and consequently improve the quality of life of the elderly.

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“…However, most studies, including our own, have found that inflammatory changes in the visceral adipose tissue are mirrored by similar changes in subcutaneous adipose tissue [23]. In addition, the intake and energy expenditure of the patients studied was partly unknown and may have affected the degree of overweight and adipose tissue inflammation [24,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Start of insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus promotes the influx of macrophages into subcutaneous adipose tissue

et al. 2013

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Aims/hypothesis Insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is accompanied by weight gain characterised by an increase in abdominal fat mass. The expansion of adipose tissue mass is generally paralleled by profound morphological and inflammatory changes. We hypothesised that the insulinassociated increase in fat mass would also result in changes in the morphology of human subcutaneous adipose tissue and in increased inflammation, especially when weight gain was excessive. Methods We investigated the effects of weight gain on adipocyte size, macrophage influx, and mRNA expression and protein levels of key inflammatory markers within the adipose tissue in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus before and 6 months after starting insulin therapy.

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Influence of dietary saturated fat content on adiposity, macrophage behavior, inflammation, and metabolism: composition matters

Cited by 111 publications

References 64 publications

Obesity and Low Back Pain: Is There a Weight of Evidence to Support a Positive Relationship?

Obesity and Low Back Pain: Is There a Weight of Evidence to Support a Positive Relationship?

Nutrition, diet and immunosenescence

Start of insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus promotes the influx of macrophages into subcutaneous adipose tissue

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