Atmospheric water harvesting with metal–organic
frameworks
(MOFs) is a new technology providing a clean, long-term water supply
in arid areas. In-situ positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy
(PALS) is proposed as a valid methodology for the mechanistic understanding
of water sorption in MOFs and the selection of prospective candidates
for desired applications. DUT-67-Zr and DUT-67-Hf frameworks are used
as model systems for method validation because of their hierarchical
pore structure, high adsorption capacity, and chemical stability.
Both frameworks are characterized using complementary techniques,
such as nitrogen (77 K) and water vapor (298 K) physisorption, SEM,
and PXRD. DUT-67-Zr and DUT-67-Hf are investigated by PALS upon exposure
to humidity for the first time, demonstrating the stepwise pore filling
mechanism by water molecules for both MOFs. In addition to exploring
the potential of PALS as a tool for probing MOFs during in situ water
loading, this work offers perspectives on the design and use of MOFs
for water harvesting.