Influence of Different Pretreatments on the Structure and Hydrolysis Behavior of Bamboo: A Comparative Study

Qi, Xuemin; Chu, Jianzhou; Jia, Liangliang; Kumar, Anuj

doi:10.3390/ma12162570

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Similar results have been reported by Ji et al, who observed that the cellulose content (72.4%) of acid pretreated hemp biomass was increased than untreated hemp biomass [48]. According to Qi et al, chemical pretreatment of bamboo using acid and alkali exhibited the highest cellulose content and lowest lignin and extractive content [49].…”

Section: Pretreatments Of Flaxseed Mealsupporting

confidence: 86%

Bioethanol Production from Enzymatic Hydrolyzates of Pretreated Flaxseed Meals by Baker’s Yeast

Ghosal¹,

Bhowal²

2021

Preprint

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The present study investigated the usefulness of flaxseed meals as a novel feedstock for the production of bioethanol. The proximate composition of the flaxseed meal was carried out before the pretreatment of the flaxseed meal. In this study, flaxseed meal was pretreated with dilute acid, alkali, and aqueous for disruption of lignocellulosic compounds. The acid pretreated flaxseed meal was used for enzymatic hydrolysis by different enzymes (cellulase, α-amylase, and cellulase combined with α-amylase) for better release of reducing sugar. The cellulose conversion to reducing sugar was significantly higher for acid pretreated flaxseed meals. After enzymatic hydrolysis with cellulase, cellulose conversions to reducing sugars were found to be significantly higher than those of α-amylase and cellulase combined with α-amylase. The bioethanol production was also investigated. The fermentation process was carried out by using baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) with the acid pretreated flaxseed meal enzymatic hydrolyzate. Maximum ethanol production (0.11 g/l) was achieved from the fermented medium obtained from the acid pretreated flaxseed meal followed by enzymatic hydrolysis by using cellulase enzyme. The structural analysis of bioethanol was also investigated by FTIR.

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Section: Pretreatments Of Flaxseed Mealsupporting

confidence: 86%

Bioethanol Production from Enzymatic Hydrolyzates of Pretreated Flaxseed Meals by Baker’s Yeast

Ghosal¹,

Bhowal²

2021

Preprint

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“…The peak at 1742 cm −1 and 1510 cm −1 corresponded to the C-O stretching vibrations of hemicellulose, and the C=C vibrations in lignin were not displayed in the observed spectra of extracted cellulose and commercial cellulose samples. The absence of absorption peaks at the aforementioned bands revealed that hemicellulose and lignin impurities were completely removed [33,34]. The O-H bending vibration owing to the moisture absorption of cellulose denotes the peaks at wavenumbers of 1636-1612 cm −1 for all samples.…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared (Ftir) Of Cellulose Samples Extra...mentioning

confidence: 93%

Extraction and Characterization of Cellulose from Agricultural By-Products of Chiang Rai Province, Thailand

et al. 2022

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Cellulose is an abundant component of the plant biomass in agricultural waste valorization that may be exploited to mitigate the excessive use of synthetic non-biodegradable materials. This work aimed to investigate the cellulose utilized by alkaline extraction with a prior bleaching process from rice straw, corncob, Phulae pineapple leaves, and Phulae pineapple peels. The bleaching and alkaline extraction process was performed using 1.4% acidified sodium chlorite (NaClO2) and 5% potassium hydroxide (KOH) in all the samples. All the samples, without and with the alkaline process, were characterized for their physico-chemical, microstructure, thermal properties and compared to commercial cellulose (COM-C). The extraction yield was the highest in alkaline-extracted cellulose from the corncob (AE-CCC) sample (p < 0.05), compared to the other alkaline-treated samples. The undesired components, including mineral, lignin, and hemicellulose, were lowest in the AE-CCC sample (p < 0.05), compared to raw and alkaline-treated samples. The microstructure displayed the flaky AE-CCC structure that showed a similar visibility in terms of morphology with that of the alkaline-treated pineapple peel cellulose (AE-PPC) and COM-C samples compared to other alkaline-treated samples with a fibrous structure. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) of AE-CCC samples showed the lowest amorphous regions, possibly due to the elimination of hemicellulose and lignin during bleaching and alkaline treatment. The highest crystallinity index obtained in the AE-CCC sample showed a close resemblance with the COM-C sample. Additionally, the AE-CCC sample showed the highest thermal stability, as evidenced by its higher Tonset (334.64 °C), and Tmax (364.67 °C) compared to the COM-C and alkaline-treated samples. Therefore, agricultural wastes after harvesting in the Chiang Rai province of Thailand may be subjected to an alkaline process with a prior bleaching process to yield a higher cellulose content that is free of impurities. Thus, the extracted cellulose could be used as an efficient, eco-friendly, and biodegradable material for packaging applications.

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“…Ammonia pretreatment causes structural changes in the biomass by breaking the lignin-carbohydrate ester bonds and partial removal of extractives (Bensah and Mensah, 2018). Unlike extractives, the ash content increases after glycerol and ammonia pretreatment (Cha et al, 2014;Qi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in structure and saccharification efficiency of biomass of different sorghum varieties subjected to aqueous ammonia and glycerol pretreatments

Joy

Kumar

Gorthy

et al. 2021

Industrial Crops and Products

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Sorghum biomass is a potential feedstock for lignocellulosic bioethanol production. The selection of suitable sorghum variety is essential to obtain high ethanol yield. In this paper we screened sorghum varieties belonging to sweet sorghum, post rainy sorghum, and hybrid sorghum. These varieties were screened based on their agronomic traits, amenability to pretreatment methods, and enzymatic digestibility. The sorghum biomass was pretreated using glycerol (60 %) at 190 ̊C for 60 min and aqueous ammonia (15 %) at 120 ̊C for 60 min. The digestibility of the pretreated biomass was determined using commercial cellulase (Cellic CTec2) at 10U/g loading, and the structural changes in the pretreated biomass were analyzed by spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Sweet sorghum varieties showed significant variations in phenotypic traits such as fresh stalk yield, dry fodder yield, and juice yield. The cellulose digestibility among the sorghum varieties after the pretreatment also differed significantly. The cellulose digestibility levels of glycerol range from 64 % to 89 % and ammonia pretreated sorghum from 63 % to 81 %. The total sugar yields varied from 227 mg/g to 356 mg/g and 209 mg/g to 313 mg/g for sorghum pretreated with ammonia and glycerol, respectively. Although the delignification of sorghum varieties was higher (31%-65%) after ammonia pretreatment than glycerol pretreatment, the cellulose digestibility was higher for the glycerol pretreated biomass. These results indicated that effect of delignification on cellulose digestibility is trivial. This study explores factors affecting pretreatment and cellulose digestibility of sorghum varieties for maximum sugar yield in the cellulosic ethanol process.

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Influence of Different Pretreatments on the Structure and Hydrolysis Behavior of Bamboo: A Comparative Study

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Bioethanol Production from Enzymatic Hydrolyzates of Pretreated Flaxseed Meals by Baker’s Yeast

Bioethanol Production from Enzymatic Hydrolyzates of Pretreated Flaxseed Meals by Baker’s Yeast

Extraction and Characterization of Cellulose from Agricultural By-Products of Chiang Rai Province, Thailand

Variations in structure and saccharification efficiency of biomass of different sorghum varieties subjected to aqueous ammonia and glycerol pretreatments

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