Influence of different sulfur sources on the phase formation of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanoparticles (NPs)

Unravelling the intricacies of solvents and sulfur sources in colloidal synthesis of metal sulfide semiconductor nanocrystals

“…80 The use of copper(II) precursors for nanoparticle synthesis with the desired copper material in oxidation state +I like Cu 2 S and CZTS is quite common, without any explanation about the reduction of the precursor. 74,81,82 In other material systems like the indium pnictides (InP, InAs, InSb), a redox reaction where the pnictogen changes oxidation state has been more thoroughly investigated and found to aid in nanocrystal formation. [83][84][85] Norby et al investigated the formation of Cu 2 S nanoparticles with the use of Cu(II) acetate and DDT and the reaction via NMR.…”