Influence of Disruptive Behavior Disorders on Academic Performance and School Functions of Youths with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract

Childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and comorbid oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder (ODD/CD) are associated with negative school outcomes. The study aimed to examine the impact of ADHD and ODD/CD on various school functions. 395 youths with ADHD (244 with ADHD + ODD/CD and 151 with ADHD only) and 156 controls received semi-structured psychiatric interviews. School functions were assessed and compared between each group with a multiple-level model. The results showed that youths with ADHD had poorer performance across different domains of school functioning. Youths with ADHD + ODD/CD had more behavioral problems but similar academic performance than those with ADHD only. The multiple linear regression models revealed that ADHD impaired academic performance while ODD/CD aggravated behavioral problems. Our findings imply that comorbid ODD/CD may specifically contribute to social difficulties in youths with ADHD. Measures of early detection and intervention for ODD/CD should be conducted to prevent adverse outcomes.

Attachment representations in children with disruptive behavior disorders: A special focus on insecurity in middle childhood

“…In addition, DBD has a high cost for communities: it is associated with individual, family and social dysfunction, high mental health service utilisation and negative outcomes in adulthood as personality disorders (Demmer et al, 2017). Different risk factors are associated with DBD: child’s emotional problems such as anxiety and irritable mood; school problems such as poorer literacy skills and academic underachievement; social problems such as problematic interactions with peers and parents; the fragility of parenting such as low parental support and coercive style; and parental psychopathology such as depression (Bizzi & Pace, 2019; Cerniglia et al, 2017; Liu et al, 2017; Martel et al, 2012; White & Renk, 2012).…”

Effect of adenotonsillectomy on sleep problems, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms, and quality of life of children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy and sleep-disordered breathing

“…15 These comorbid disruptive behavior disorders lead to severe functional impairment and psychosocial problems and make treatment more difficult. 16 According to a meta-analysis, the rates of sleep problems including pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, periodic limb movement, enuresis, and delayed sleep phase syndrome were significantly higher among children with ADHD when compared to a control group. 17 Naseem et al proposed that sleep disturbance might be one of the underlying reasons of ADHD.…”

Temporal and Reciprocal Relations Between ADHD symptoms and Emotional Problems in School-Age Children

“…In Chinese culture, children may be more expected to meet others’ (e.g., peers, teachers, parents) expectations and are socialized to restrain their preferences to accommodate social norms. Thus, children with higher levels of hyperactivity or impulsivity who exhibit more disruptive behaviors during classroom or group activities may be disproportionately reprimanded for violating social norms, face peer rejection, have fewer friendships, and develop a more negative view of oneself (Kawabata, Tseng, & Gau, 2012; C. Y. Liu, Huang, Kao, & Gau, 2017).…”