In this study, water-soluble emissive
carbon dots (CDs) are effectively
fabricated with specific optical properties and colors by acid oxidation
of muskmelon (Cucumis melo) fruit,
which are termed as C. melo CDs (CMCDs).
The fluorescence properties of CMCDs were tuned by controlling the experimental conditions
that allow them to emit different colors, that is, blue (B-), green
(G-), and yellow (Y-) CMCDs, with different emission wavelengths at
432, 515, and 554 nm when excited at 342, 415, and 425 nm, respectively.
The fabricated multicolor-emissive CDs were confirmed by various analytical
techniques. The sizes of B-, G-, and Y-CMCDs were found to be ∼3.5,
∼4.3, and ∼5.8 nm, respectively. The as-prepared CMCDs
display stable emissions with quantum yields of 7.07, 26.9, and 14.3%
for the three CMCDs, which could act as a promising probe for the
selective detection of Hg2+ ions. Upon the addition of
Hg2+ ions, the fluorescence intensity of G-CMCDs at 515
nm was quenched largely than that of B- and Y-CMCDs. The spectroscopic
results display that the G-CMCDs acted as a sensor for the detection
of Hg2+ ions with a wide linear range from 1.0 to 25 μM
(R2 = 0.9855) with a detection limit of
0.33 μM. This method was successfully applied to detect Hg2+ ions in biological and water samples. The fabricated multicolor-emissive
CMCDs possess the cell (Cunninghamella elegans, Aspergillus flavus, and Rhizoctonia solani) imaging property, suggesting
the biocompatible nature for multicolor imaging of various cells.