“…95 A series of studies is devoted to the optimization of the FI preconcentration of trace elements as chelate complexes in a knotted reactor (KR) and its on-line coupling with ETAAS using various chelating reagents and preconcentration techniques. 73,74,88,96,97 The FI system is further modified with a view to its on-line coupling with ICP-time-of-flight(TOF)-MS. 25,[82][83][84] Analytical procedures using solid phase extraction (SPE), ion exchange (IE), LLE, as well as fractionation schemes were developed for the speciation determination of toxic elements like As, Cr, Hg, Tl, Fe, Pt, Sb, and Se in various food items, 50,51,53 beverages, 118-120 natural waters, 15,19,52,[121][122][123][124][125][126] soils and sediments, [16][17][18][19][20][21][127][128][129] body fluids and tissues, 17,101,130 road dust, 131 etc., with a view to assess bioavailability, biotransformations and distribution patterns.…”