Influence of Electroless Nickel Plating on Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors and the Implications for Reliability in Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors

Abstract

The influence of electroless nickel plating on lead-based relaxor ferroelectric multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCs) was studied by a comparison experiment. It was found that the influence is related to reactions in the electroless plating. It is proposed that adsorbed hydrogen atoms generated in electroless plating can diffuse into the ceramic bodies of MLCs and undergo some reduction reaction with them, resulting in the failure of electroless nickel plating. The implications for the negative influence of electroplating on MLCs and for the degradation in MLCs are also included, in which much attention is paid to the reduction reaction of hydrogen atoms generated by electrolysis of water.

Synthesis of Ni nanoparticles by plasma-induced cathodic discharge electrolysis

“…These special properties have been applied in various fields ranging from microelectronics to biochemical science [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. For instance, magnetic nanoparticles such as Ni, Co, and Fe have attracted much attention because of both their unique fundamental properties and application in various fields [4][5][6][7].…”

“…For instance, magnetic nanoparticles such as Ni, Co, and Fe have attracted much attention because of both their unique fundamental properties and application in various fields [4][5][6][7]. As for Ni nanoparticles, they may be used as conductive inks [4], electrode materials in multilayer ceramic capacitors [5], magnetic storage media [6], and catalysts [7]. At present, metal nanoparticles are synthesized mainly through gas-phase and liquid-phase methods [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Synthesis and characterization of Ni–Cu alloy nanoparticles with a tunable Curie temperature

“…In Ni 1-x Cu x alloys, for example, the T c can be adjusted within the temperature range of interest by changing the magnetic atom composition (x), which influences the magnetic interactions [14]. Materials based on Ni 1-x Cu x alloys have been extensively studied in the past for a variety of applications, as catalysts [15], for multilayer ceramics capacitors [16] and for magnetic-mediated hyperthermia [17][18][19]. However, their most important use relates to hyperthermia, since they provide all the essential requirements for applications in selfregulating magnetic-fluid hyperthermia (SRMFH), with the exception of the material's biocompatibility with respect to the human body.…”

Preparation of nickel and copper submicrometer particles by pyrolysis of their formates

“…They are also used as end terminators in multi-layer chip capacitors. Nickel powders are used for electrodes in electronic products such as multiplayer ceramics and batteries [1]. Because of their good performance and lower cost, compared with noble metals such as palladium and silver, nickel and copper are replacing them and becoming among the most important electronic materials.…”