Influence of Electromagnetic Fields on Prooxidant/Antioxidant Balance in Rat Liver

Abstract

The potential health consequences of common exposure of human organisms to high-voltage industrial frequency and radio-frequency electromagnetic fields have not yet been completely recognized. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a 50 Hz electromagnetic field generated by high-voltage alternating electric current transmission lines, a 900 MHz electromagnetic field emitted by mobile phones, and simultaneous exposure to those forms of electromagnetic fields on prooxidant and antioxidant processes in the liver tissue of 40 male rats randomly divided into three experimental groups exposed to different forms of electromagnetic fields and a control sham-exposed one. After completing 28 daily exposures in obtained liver tissue homogenates we determined the contents of markers of prooxidant processes (total oxidant capacity and malone dialdehyde), as well as activity of selected antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, its isoenzymes Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD, catalase and glutathione peroxidase). Moreover, cell ultrastructures in specimens from liver samples were examined under an electron microscope. A four-week exposure to a high-voltage 50 Hz electromagnetic field did not affect the prooxidant/antioxidant balance in the liver tissue of rats, while exposure to the radiofrequency electromagnetic field emitted by a mobile phone and simultaneous exposure to both forms of electromagnetic field significantly inhibited the intensity of prooxidant processes and decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes in liver tissue, especially in the case of simultaneous action of both fields-probably due to their excessive use for restoring

Effects of Low‐Intensity Microwave Radiation on Oxidant‐Antioxidant Parameters and DNA Damage in the Liver of Rats

“…Our results from different analysis tests confirm each other and are consistent with the findings of many previous studies [Akdag et al, 2016; Sieroń‐Stołtny et al, 2017; Alkis et al, 2019a; Yang et al, 2020], suggesting that exposure to MWR can trigger DNA damage and oxidative stress. A number of experimental and epidemiological studies have revealed that excessive production of ROS occurs during high levels of MWR exposure and it causes health risks [Tomruk et al, 2009; Ozorak et al, 2013; Cetin et al, 2014; Alkis et al, 2019a,b].…”

“…A number of experimental and epidemiological studies have revealed that excessive production of ROS occurs during high levels of MWR exposure and it causes health risks [Tomruk et al, 2009; Ozorak et al, 2013; Cetin et al, 2014; Alkis et al, 2019a,b]. Sieroń‐Stołtny et al [2017] reported that exposure to the radiofrequency EMF that is radiated by cell phones causes an intense pro‐oxidant process and decreases antioxidant enzyme activity in the liver tissue of rats. Celik et al [2016] stated that following the exposure of EMR at 2.45 GHz, the lipid peroxidation levels were raised in the liver and brain of rats, and that activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), β‐carotene, vitamin‐E, and vitamin‐A levels were reduced.…”

“…The formation of H 2 O 2 in physiological solution (PS) upon the impact of EMF is one of the major harbingers of the modulation of cell metabolism [Ayrapetyan et al, 2005;Gapeyev et al, 2009]. Several studies have indicated that MWR may lead to an undesired impact in liver tissue such as DNA strand breaks [Trosic et al, 2011], lipid peroxidation [Celik et al, 2016], oxidative stress [Ozgur et al, 2010], intense pro-oxidant process, and decreased antioxidant enzyme activity [Sieroń-Stołtny et al, 2017]. The harmful effects of microwaves on several tissues exposed to the EMF demonstrated in empirical studies are usually caused by increasing body temperature [Esmekaya et al, 2011], free radical concentration, and deterioration of oxidant/antioxidant balance [Yakymenko et al, 2015;Chauhan et al, 2017].…”