Influence of Environment-Friendly Fuel Additives and Fuel Injection Pressure on Soot Nanoparticles Characteristics and Engine Performance, and NOX Emissions in CI Diesel Engine

Fayad, Mohammed A.; Radhi, Amera A.; Omran, Salman Hussien; Mohammed, Farag Mahel

doi:10.37934/arfmts.88.1.5870

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The above-noted reasons such as artificial advanced injection, high fuel viscosity, shorter delay in ignition, and lengthier combustion duration are factors in raising the concentration of NOx emission in the exhaust of DE operated with BD. In-cylinder reduction methods are being used to control NOx emissions from DEs such as water injection systems and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) [28][29][30]. EGR is an efficient method to lower NOx emissions by controlling the rate of the combustion process [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ZnO nanoparticle on combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine powered by lemongrass biodiesel: an experimental approach

Gowthaman,

Anu Karthi Swaghatha,

Thangavel

et al. 2024

Discov Appl Sci

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Biodiesel (BD) is one of the efficient alternative fuels for diesel engines (DE) which can be employed sans any modifications. The present study is focused on the extraction of BD from a lemongrass plant and analyzing combustion, efficiency, and emission characteristics of the DE by adding NPs at different concentrations to reduce both hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and NOx emissions simultaneously from the DE. The fuel samples were prepared by adding different dosages of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with neat lemongrass biodiesel (LGB) such as 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, and 250 ppm per liter. From the results, it is found that the properties of BD were improved by the addition of ZnO NPs and it increased oxygen concentration in the sample resulting in better combustion and lower exhaust pollutants. The DE tested with the LGB + 150 ppm sample has registered maximum brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and lower specific fuel combustion (SFC) for all loading conditions compared to other samples. The value of heat release rate (HRR) and in-cylinder pressure are higher for LGB + 150 ppm due to its specific properties compared to other LGB blends. The presence of ZnO NPs in LGB has reduced harmful emissions from the DE such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and smoke by 4.01%, 5.56%, and 19.01%, when compared to neat LGB.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ZnO nanoparticle on combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine powered by lemongrass biodiesel: an experimental approach

Gowthaman,

Anu Karthi Swaghatha,

Thangavel

et al. 2024

Discov Appl Sci

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“…Fayad studied the clean fuel injection strategy and its comprehensive impact on combustion characteristics and particulate matter (PM) 10 . The research team also investigated the effects of fuel additives on engine performance NOx and PM emissions 11 , 12 . Chen optimized the combustion chamber structure and diesel/NG injection pressure strategy of the engine using a three-dimensional simulation model 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of scavenging air state on the combustion and emission performance of marine two-stroke dual-fuel engine

Yu,

Gao,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The scavenging process significantly affects the combustion and emission performance of marine low-speed two-stroke dual-fuel engines. Optimizing scavenging air pressure and temperature can enhance the engine's combustion efficiency and emission control performance, thereby achieving more environmentally friendly and efficient operation of dual-fuel engines. This study focuses on marine low-speed two-stroke dual-fuel engines, analyzing the effects of scavenging air pressure (3.0 bar, 3.25 bar, 3.5 bar, and 3.75 bar) and scavenging air temperature (293 K, 303 K, and 313 K) on engine performance and emission products. The results indicate that scavenging air pressure has a greater impact on engine performance than scavenging air temperature. An increase in scavenging air pressure leads to higher thermal efficiency and power. As the scavenging air pressure increases from 3 to 3.75 bar, the indicated thermal efficiency (ITE) increases from 44.02 to 53.26%, and indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) increases by approximately 0.35 MPa. Increased scavenging air pressure improves nitrogen oxide (NOx) and hydrocarbons (HC) emissions. For every 0.25 bar increase in scavenging air pressure, NOx emissions decrease by 3.53%, HC emissions decrease by 33.35%, while carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions increase by 0.71%. An increase in scavenging air temperature leads to lower ITE and IMEP. As the air temperature changes from 293 to 313 K, the ITE decreases by approximately 1%, and IMEP decreases by about 0.04 MPa. Increased scavenging air temperature improves CO2 emissions. For every 10 K increase in the air temperature, the CO2 emissions decrease by 0.02%, while NOx emissions increase by 4.84%, HC emissions increase by 34.39%. Therefore, controlling scavenging air pressure is more important than scavenging air temperature in the operational management of marine two-stroke engines. Higher power and lower NOx and HC emissions can be achieved by increasing the scavenging air pressure.

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“…Alternative jet fuel derived from hydro-treated ester and fatty acid (HEFA) present that emission indices of NOx, CO and UHC were as same as conventional jet fuel but PM emission was quite lower [ 13 ]. SAFs blend led to a reduction of 70% in PM mass compared to traditional petroleum-based jet fuel by a CFM56-5C4 engine [ 14 – 16 ]. The highest soot reductions were observed at lower power settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By a CFM56-7B engine burning different blends of Jet A-1 and HEFA [ 7 ], HEFA blend with 32% was observed a reduced emission of elemental carbon mass in the range of 50% to 60% at low power settings. The PM emission indices were reduced most markedly by 70% in terms of PM mass and 60% in terms of PM number at idle engine power [ 16 ]. The relative reduction of PM emissions decreased with the increasing thrust.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission characteristics of cellulosic jet biofuel blend under laminar and turbulent combustion

Liu,

Wang,

Yang

2023

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Alternative biofuels have the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and particulate matter due to free of aromatics compared to traditional petroleum-based aviation fuel. The potential mitigating emission of hydrothermal-condensation-hydrotreating jet biofuel (HCHJ) derived from agriculture residue was investigated. The effects of aviation biofuel components, blend ratio and equivalent ratio on emission characteristics were conducted by Premixed Pre-evaporated Bunsen burner (PPBB) for laminar combustion and ZF850 jet engine for turbulent combustion. In compositions, HCHJ had a higher concentration of cycloparaffins (mostly in C8–C10) while petroleum-based aviation fuel (RP-3) had a higher concentration of alkylbenzenes (mostly in C8–C11). In laminar combustion, HCHJ and both 50% blend HCHJ appear no unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) due to low aromatics content and no sulfur in the biofuel. Moreover, there were no significant differences in NO and NO2 concentration for HCHJ and HCHJ blends. In turbulent combustion, HCHJ blends and RP-3 were compared engine emissions at various state points. Considering all complex effects of fuel and combustion environment, HCHJ blend had a noticeable reduction in PM2.5 emissions in comparison with RP-3 due to their lower aromatics and sulfur content. As HCHJ is similar to RP-3 in C/H ratio, density and heat value and the different aromatics contents have different tendencies to generate PM2.5 at different condition, PM2.5 emission is not only related with the total aromatic content and individual aromatic structure but also the combustion environment at thrust setting and coexisting pollutants including NOx and UHC emissions. CO and NOx emission indicated that both of turbulent state and fuel type influence emissions. HCHJ blend can be benefit for PM2.5 reduction and combustion efficiency growth. PM2.5 reduction can be obtained 77.5% at 10% HCHJ blend and 9.5% at 5% HCHJ blend while combustion efficiency can be obtained 0.05% at 5% HCHJ blend and 0.36% at 10% HCHJ blend through all thrust output.

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Influence of Environment-Friendly Fuel Additives and Fuel Injection Pressure on Soot Nanoparticles Characteristics and Engine Performance, and NOX Emissions in CI Diesel Engine

Cited by 27 publications

References 51 publications

Effect of ZnO nanoparticle on combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine powered by lemongrass biodiesel: an experimental approach

Effect of ZnO nanoparticle on combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine powered by lemongrass biodiesel: an experimental approach

The impact of scavenging air state on the combustion and emission performance of marine two-stroke dual-fuel engine

Emission characteristics of cellulosic jet biofuel blend under laminar and turbulent combustion

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