Influence of exercise and joint topography on depth‐related spatial distribution of proteoglycan and collagen content in immature equine articular cartilage

Brama, P. A. J.; Holopainen, Jaakko; Weeren, P. R. van; Firth, E. C.; Helminen, Heikki J.; Hyttinen, Marko

doi:10.2746/042516409x424162

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Although no significant differences were observed between controls and runners in OA grades of the oldest age group, it is possible that the observed exercise-induced decrease in amide I content in the superficial zone and the increase in the deep2 zone relate to tissue degradation. Earlier, Brama et al [53] reported that a slight increase in exercise of maturing horses could lead to a decrease in the amide I content in a load-bearing area. Although we failed to detect any significant decrease in the amide I content in the earlier age groups, a similar trend was apparent below the superficial zone ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Minor Influence of Lifelong Voluntary Exercise on Composition, Structure, and Incidence of Osteoarthritis in Tibial Articular Cartilage of Mice Compared with Major Effects Caused by Growth, Maturation, and Aging

Närhi

Siitonen

Lehto

et al. 2011

Connective Tissue Research

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We investigated the effects of lifelong voluntary exercise on articular cartilage of mice. At the age of 4 weeks C57BL mice (n = 152) were divided into two groups, with one group serving as a sedentary control whereas the other was allowed free access to a running wheel from the age of 1 month onward. Mice were euthanized at four different time points (1, 2, 6, and 18 months of age). Articular cartilage samples were gathered from the load-bearing area of the tibial medial plateaus, and osteoarthritis was graded. Additionally, the proteoglycan content distribution was assessed using digital densitometry, collagen fibril orientation, and parallelism with polarized light microscopy, and collagen content using Fourier transform infrared imaging spectroscopy. The incidence of osteoarthritis increased with aging, but exercise had no effect on this trend. Furthermore, the structure and composition revealed significant growth, maturation, and age-dependent properties. Exercise exerted a minor effect on collagen fibril orientation in the superficial zone. Fibril orientation at 2 months of age was more perpendicular to surface (p < 0.05) in controls compared with runners, whereas the situation was reversed at the age of 18 months (p < 0.05). The collagen content of the superficial zone was higher (p < 0.01) at the age of 18 months in controls compared with runners but the proteoglycan content did not display any exercise-dependent changes. In conclusion, growth, maturation, and aging exerted a clear effect on integrity, structure, and composition of medial tibial plateau articular cartilage in mice, whereas lifelong voluntary exercise had only a minor effect on collagen architecture and content.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Minor Influence of Lifelong Voluntary Exercise on Composition, Structure, and Incidence of Osteoarthritis in Tibial Articular Cartilage of Mice Compared with Major Effects Caused by Growth, Maturation, and Aging

Närhi

Siitonen

Lehto

et al. 2011

Connective Tissue Research

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“…The composition of subchondral bone is uniquely designed to disperse axial loads across the joint, sparing the overlying articular cartilage (5–8). Subchondral bone has the innate ability to display a range of responses, reflecting both acute stresses as well as more prolonged, chronic, adaptive responses within the joint.…”

Section: Anatomy and Physiology Of Subchondral Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Subchondral Bone in the Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis

2018

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Subchondral bone plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of osteochondral disease across veterinary species. The subchondral bone is highly adaptable, with the ability to model and remodel in response to loading stresses experienced by the joint. Repetitive stress injuries within the joint can result in primary or secondary pathologic lesions within the subchondral bone, which have been recognized to contribute to the development and progression of osteoarthritis. Recent advances in diagnostic imaging, particularly volumetric imaging modalities have facilitated earlier identification of subchondral bone disease. Despite these advancements, limitations in our knowledge about subchondral bone makes treatment and prevention of these conditions challenging. The purpose of this report is to review our current understanding of subchondral bone and its relationship to osteoarthritis across veterinary species, with a specific focus in the research that has been performed in horses. It can be concluded that our current understanding of subchondral bone is advancing, and future experimental, clinical and pathologic studies will provide additional insight about subchondral bone and its relationship to joint disease.

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“…Many studies use FT-IR imaging spectroscopy (FT-IRIS), a technique which couples an FT-IR spectrometer to an array detector and an optical microscope, thus allowing mapping of specific molecules in the tissue at high pixel resolution within a defined region of interest. 4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 13, 26, 29, 30, 45, 46 An additional advantage of FT-IR is the coupling of an infrared fiber optic probe (IFOP) to an FTIR spectrometer. This device provides spectral acquisition from intact tissues in situ, with the potential for in vivo assessments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared Fiber Optic Probe Evaluation of Degenerative Cartilage Correlates to Histological Grading

Hanifi

Yang

et al. 2012

Am J Sports Med

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Background Osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative cartilage disease, results in alterations of the chemical and structural properties of the tissue. Arthroscopic evaluation of full-depth tissue composition is limited and would require tissue harvesting, which is inappropriate in daily routine. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is a modality based on molecular vibrations of matrix components that can be used in conjunction with a fiber optic to acquire quantitative compositional data from the cartilage matrix. Purpose To develop a model based on infrared spectra of articular cartilage to predict the histological Mankin score as an indicator of tissue quality. Study Design Descriptive laboratory study Methods Infrared fiber optic probe (IFOP) spectra were collected from nearly normal and more degraded regions of tibial plateau articular cartilage harvested during knee arthroplasty (N = 61). Each region was graded using a modified Mankin score (MMS). A multivariate partial least squares (PLS) algorithm using second derivative spectra was developed to predict histological MMS. Results The PLS model derived from IFOP spectra predicted the MMS with a prediction error of ~1.4, which resulted in ~72% of the Mankin scored tissues being predicted correctly, and 96% being predicted within one grade of their true modified Mankin score. Conclusion These data demonstrate that IFOP spectral parameters correlate with histological tissue grade, and can be used to provide information on tissue composition. Clinical Relevance IFOP studies have significant potential for evaluation of cartilage tissue quality without the need for tissue harvest. Combined with arthroscopy, IFOP analysis could facilitate definition of tissue margins in debridement procedures.

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Influence of exercise and joint topography on depth‐related spatial distribution of proteoglycan and collagen content in immature equine articular cartilage

Abstract: This study confirms earlier observations that even moderate variations in exercise level in early age may have significant effects on the collagen network of articular cartilage.

Cited by 26 publications

References 39 publications

Minor Influence of Lifelong Voluntary Exercise on Composition, Structure, and Incidence of Osteoarthritis in Tibial Articular Cartilage of Mice Compared with Major Effects Caused by Growth, Maturation, and Aging

Minor Influence of Lifelong Voluntary Exercise on Composition, Structure, and Incidence of Osteoarthritis in Tibial Articular Cartilage of Mice Compared with Major Effects Caused by Growth, Maturation, and Aging

The Importance of Subchondral Bone in the Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis

Infrared Fiber Optic Probe Evaluation of Degenerative Cartilage Correlates to Histological Grading

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