Influence of exhaust residuals on combustion phases, exhaust toxic emission and fuel consumption from a natural gas fueled spark-ignition engine

Szwaja, S.; Ansari, Ehsan; Rao, Sandesh; Szwaja, Magdalena; Grab-Rogaliński, Karol; Naber, Jeffrey; Pyrc, Michał

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2018.03.075

“…The use of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in spark-ignited (SI) engines effectively reduces in-cylinder NOx emissions through a reduction of the combustion temperature [1][2][3][4][5]. Moreover, employing high levels of EGR (EGR percentage > 15%) has the potential of increasing the fuel efficiency [2], reducing knock [6][7][8][9], and reducing the emissions of CO [7] and particulate matter [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hydrogen and Carbon Monoxide Addition to Methane on Laminar Burning Velocity

Morovatiyan

¹

,

Shahsavan

²

,

Baghirzade

³

et al. 2019

ASME 2019 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference

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Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in spark-ignited engines is a key technique to reduce in-cylinder NOx production by decreasing the combustion temperature. The major species of the exhaust gas in rich combustion of natural gas are hydrogen and carbon monoxide, which can subsequently be recirculated to the cylinders using EGR. In this study, the effect of hydrogen and carbon monoxide addition to methane on laminar burning velocity and flame morphological structure is investigated. Due to the broad flammability limit and high burning velocity of hydrogen compared to methane, this addition to the gaseous mixture leads to an increase in burning velocity, less emissions production, and a boost to the thermal efficiency of internal combustion engines. Premixed CH4-H2-CO-Air flames are experimentally investigated using an optically accessible constant volume combustion chamber (CVCC) accompanied with a high-speed Z-type Schlieren imaging system. Furthermore, a numerical code is applied to quantify the laminar burning velocity based on the pressure rise during flame propagation within the CVCC. According to the empirical and numerical results, the addition of hydrogen and carbon monoxide enhances laminar burning velocity while influencing the flame structure and development.

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“…The significantly large proven reserves of natural gas (200 trillion cubic meters worldwide) combined with the capability to operate a cleaner and more efficient cycle make it an attractive alternative fuel [5]. The use of natural gas as a standalone fuel, or as a blend with diesel or hydrogen, has been extensively studied in traditional spark ignition engines [6][7][8][9] and more advanced cycles such as homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) [10][11][12][13][14] and reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing Natural Gas in a Compression Ignition Cycle Using Noble Gas Addition

Shahsavan¹,

Morovatiyan²,

Baghirzade³

et al. 2019

Preprint

0

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Natural gas is known as a relatively clean fossil fuel due to its low carbon to hydrogen ratio compared to other transportation fuels, which yields a reduction of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and unburned hydrocarbons emissions. However, it has a low cetane number, which makes it a difficult fuel for use in compression ignition engines. A potential solution for this issue can be adding small amounts of argon, as a noble gas with a low specific heat to modify the intake conditions. In this numerical study, a commercial compression ignition engine has been modeled to evaluate the auto-ignition of natural gas with the modified intake conditions. Different amounts of argon added to the intake air are examined in order to attain the optimal operating conditions. A detailed chemistry solver is implemented on a 53-species chemical kinetics mechanism to calculate the rate constants. The results show that compression ignition of natural gas can be achieved by adding small amounts of argon to the intake air. It drastically increases the in-cylinder temperature and pressure near TDC, which enables the auto-ignition of the injected natural gas. Moreover, it leads to the reduction in ignition delay and heat release rate, and expands the combustion duration. Emissions analysis indicates that NOx and CO2 can be significantly diminished by increasing the amount of argon in the intake composition. This study introduces an efficient and clean compression ignition engine fueled with natural gas running in optimal operating conditions using argon addition to the intake.

show abstract

“…The significantly large proven reserves of natural gas (200 trillion cubic meters worldwide) combined with the capability to operate a cleaner and more efficient cycle make it an attractive alternative fuel [5]. The use of natural gas as a standalone fuel, or as a blend with diesel or hydrogen, has been extensively studied in traditional spark ignition engines [6][7][8][9] and more advanced cycles such as homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) [10][11][12][13][14] and reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing Natural Gas in a Compression Ignition Cycle Using Noble Gas Addition

Shahsavan

¹

,

Morovatiyan

²

,

Baghirzade

³

et al. 2019

ASME 2019 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Natural gas is known as a relatively clean fossil fuel due to its low carbon to hydrogen ratio compared to other transportation fuels, which yields a reduction of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and unburned hydrocarbons emissions. However, it has a low cetane number, which makes it a difficult fuel for use in compression ignition engines. A potential solution for this issue can be adding small amounts of argon, as a noble gas with a low specific heat to modify the intake conditions. In this numerical study, a commercial compression ignition engine has been modeled to evaluate the auto-ignition of natural gas with the modified intake conditions. Different amounts of argon added to the intake air are examined in order to attain the optimal operating conditions. A detailed chemistry solver is implemented on a 53-species chemical kinetics mechanism to calculate the rate constants. The results show that compression ignition of natural gas can be achieved by adding small amounts of argon to the intake air. It drastically increases the in-cylinder temperature and pressure near TDC, which enables the auto-ignition of the injected natural gas. Moreover, it leads to the reduction in ignition delay and heat release rate, and expands the combustion duration. Emissions analysis indicates that NOx and CO2 can be significantly diminished by increasing the amount of argon in the intake composition. This study introduces an efficient and clean compression ignition engine fueled with natural gas running in optimal operating conditions using argon addition to the intake.

show abstract

Influence of exhaust residuals on combustion phases, exhaust toxic emission and fuel consumption from a natural gas fueled spark-ignition engine

Cited by 50 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of Hydrogen and Carbon Monoxide Addition to Methane on Laminar Burning Velocity

Effect of Hydrogen and Carbon Monoxide Addition to Methane on Laminar Burning Velocity

Implementing Natural Gas in a Compression Ignition Cycle Using Noble Gas Addition

Implementing Natural Gas in a Compression Ignition Cycle Using Noble Gas Addition

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