Influence of exits and evacuees on evacuation efficiency

Abstract

In order to study the evacuation process of crowd in evacuation space containing four exits (two exits on one side), a simulation environment was built by using multi-agent simulation platform NetLogo, and the evacuation simulation model was constructed. The influence of exit location, exit width and evacuee number on the evacuation efficiency was studied, the results show that: with the exit moving to the middle, the evacuation time first decreases and then increases, and the decreasing rate of evacuation time decreases gradually and the increasing rate increases gradually; when the evacuee number is small, the evacuation time decreases with the increase of exit width, until the evacuation time remains unchanged when the exit width is large enough. However, when the evacuee number is large, the evacuation time in different positions decreases with the increase of exit width, and the overall decrease rate decreases; with the exit moving to the middle, the increasing rate of evacuation time with the increase of evacuee number at different exit widths decreases at first and then increases. The research results can provide some reference value for the evacuation exit design of building and emergency command of crowd evacuation.

Study of the pozzolanic activity of hydrochar as a substitute for cementitious materials.

“…The use of biochar in cement-based applications is an emerging area of research, and different approaches [1] have shown the successful performance of biochar from rice husk [2], coconut husk [3], bamboo [4], sugar cane bagasse [5], peanuts [6], straw [7], wastes [8], etc. as partial substitute of cement.…”