Influence of external magnetic field on twin-wire indirect arc surfacing stainless steel layer

Wu, Dongting; Hu, Cong; Zhao, Wei; Zhang, Yongang; Zou, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.vacuum.2019.108958

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Compared with well-developed surface modification technologies, it can be found that BW has a high dilution rate, which makes it difficult to obtain a thin and uniformly distributed cladding layer. Defects such as pores, slag inclusions, and arc crater cracks are prone to form, resulting in poor properties [53], while AC has shortcomings of shallow penetration depth, a slow cladding rate, and impurity from the tungsten electrode, which affects the cladding layer quality [54]. PC exerts redundant heat, which leads to great residual internal stress and deformation of the substrate [33,55].…”

Section: Laser Claddingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress of Laser Cladding on the Surface of Titanium and Its Alloys

Zhao

Xie

et al. 2023

Materials

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Titanium (Ti) and its alloys have been widely employed in aeronautical, petrochemical, and medical fields owing to their fascinating advantages in terms of their mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and so on. However, Ti and its alloys face many challenges, if they work in severe or more complex environments. The surface is always the origin of failure for Ti and its alloys in workpieces, which influences performance degradation and service life. To improve the properties and function, surface modification becomes the common process for Ti and its alloys. The present article reviews the technology and development of laser cladding on Ti and its alloys, according to the cladding technology, cladding materials, and coating function. Generally, the laser cladding parameters and auxiliary technology could influence the temperature distribution and elements diffusion in the molten pool, which basically determines the microstructure and properties. The matrix and reinforced phases play an important role in laser cladding coating, which can increase the hardness, strength, wear resistance, oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and so on. However, the excessive addition of reinforced phases or particles can deteriorate the ductility, and thus the balance between functional properties and basic properties should be considered during the design of the chemical composition of laser cladding coatings. In addition, the interface including the phase interface, layer interface, and substrate interface plays an important role in microstructure stability, thermal stability, chemical stability, and mechanical reliability. Therefore, the substrate state, the chemical composition of the laser cladding coating and substrate, the processing parameters, and the interface comprise the critical factors which influence the microstructure and properties of the laser cladding coating prepared. How to systematically optimize the influencing factors and obtain well-balanced performance are long-term research issues.

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Section: Laser Claddingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress of Laser Cladding on the Surface of Titanium and Its Alloys

Zhao

Xie

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…However, due to the asymmetrical spatial distribution of the magnetic field, when these technologies use the large current, the arc will diverge severely. The adjustment of process parameters needs to be very precise, which increases the difficulty of the welding process [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of metal transfer and weld forming characteristics in triple-wire gas indirect arc welding

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Triple-wire gas indirect arc welding (TW-GIA) has the advantages of low heat input and high deposition rate. However, the simultaneous melting of triple wires makes the metal transfer mode complicated. The unknown of the metal transfer mode restricts the development of this technology. In this paper, high-speed camera systems and electrical signal acquisition sensors were used to explore the TW-GIA metal transfer mode. The static force model and the arc conductive channel model were used to discuss the droplet force and energy conversion characteristics respectively. Results showed that the TW-GIA metal transfer modes can be divided into: short-circuit transfer (SCT), main wire projected transfer + side wire globular transfer (PGT), main wire streaming transfer + side wire projected transfer (SPT) and main wire streaming transfer + side wire streaming transfer (SST). Moreover, the process parameter ranges corresponding to the four modes were summarized. Due to the stable arc and the uniform metal transfer process, SPT and SST can form desirable weld seam. The gravity and z-axis components of electromagnetic force are the main forces that promote metal transfer.The x-axis and y-axis components of the electromagnetic force deviate the metal transfer path from the arc coverage. Due to the change of arc conductive channel, the energy transferred from TW-GIA to the base metal is less than that of GMAW, showing the advantages of small welding deformation, narrow heat affected zone and grain refinement. KeywordsTriple-wire gas indirect arc welding•metal transfer•energy conversion•arc conductive channel

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“…However, due to the asymmetrical spatial distribution of the magnetic field, the arc diverges seriously under large welding current. The adjustment of process parameters needs to be very precise, which increases the difficulty of the welding process [16] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of humping bead in high-speed triple-wire gas indirect arc welding

Wang

Zhang

Dong

et al. 2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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：Triple-wire gas indirect arc welding (TW-GIA) is a new technology with the advantages of low heat input and high deposition rate. However, the humping bead restricts the improvement of welding efficiency. In this article, the high-speed cameras and infrared thermal imaging system were used to characterize the formation mechanism of the TW-GIA humping bead. The physical model was established to discuss the force mechanism of the weld poor. And The influence of process parameters on humping bead was studied. The results showed that the increase of the welding angle reduced the arc pressure and droplet impact force in the opposite direction of welding, which was beneficial to eliminate the hump. When the welding height was lower than 3 mm, the excessive arc pressure led to the humping bead with arc crater. When the welding height was greater than 20 mm, the distance between the droplets of side wires was far, forming the humping bead with "double bead" defect. In addition, the flow distance of the liquid metal shortened as the welding current decreased, which could suppress the humping bead. When the ratio of the total wire feeding speed to the welding speed was 10, the critical current was 360 A, and the critical current increased as the ratio increased. The maximum TW-GIA welding speed of bead on plate was 4.2 m/min, which was 137% higher than that of high-speed GMAW.

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Influence of external magnetic field on twin-wire indirect arc surfacing stainless steel layer

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Research Progress of Laser Cladding on the Surface of Titanium and Its Alloys

Research Progress of Laser Cladding on the Surface of Titanium and Its Alloys

Analysis of metal transfer and weld forming characteristics in triple-wire gas indirect arc welding

Suppression of humping bead in high-speed triple-wire gas indirect arc welding

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