Influence of Family Mealtime and Family Functioning on Early Adolescents' School Adaptation

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between family meals and family strengths (cohesion and flexibility) in Korean families with school-aged children. We focused on five dimensions of family meals: frequency, family rituals, communication, rules and roles, and perceptions. Our data came from 619 mothers who were married with at least one child in elementary school. Our multiple regression analyses showed that mothers reported higher levels of both cohesion and flexibility when they gave a higher priority to family meals, made family meals a ritual, had conversations on diverse topics during family meals, or experienced lower levels of meal-related stress. In addition, higher levels of family flexibility were found when a family had more structured rules related to family meals and the father more regularly participated in meal-related housework. This study contributes to the literature by understanding the roles of family meals from a multidimensional perspective.

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The Multiple Dimensions of Family Meals and Their Associations with Family Strengths from the Perspective of Korean Mothers with School-Aged Children

김은주¹,

이재림²

2021

“…가족식사는 자녀의 인지발달, 사회발달, 신체발달 뿐 아니라 가 족 간 유대감, 학교 적응 등 자녀발달 및 적응의 제 측면에 긍정 적인 영향을 미친다는 것은 여러 선행연구를 통해 입증된 바 있다 (Lee, 2014b). 이처럼 가족식사를 다룬 국내연구들은 가족식사가 자녀의 발달 및 적응에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는 데 관심을 두었기 때문에, 가족식사가 독립변수로 간주되었다 (Lee & Choi, 2013;Bae et al, 2013;Lee, 2014b). 가족식사를 종속변수로 보고 가 족식사에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴본 연구 (Cho et al, 2011;Kim, 2017) (Weinstein, M., 2006 (Fiese, Folkey, & Spagnola, 2006).…”

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Determinants of Family Mealtime Frequency for Fathers with their Children

Lee¹

2018

This study recognizes the changes of the father's role and the importance of family mealtimes as well as examines the individual, family and social contexts surrounding the father's family mealtime. This study analyzed the trend of the father's family mealtime frequency and factors affecting them in order to explore the current conditions of their father's work and family balance through family mealtimes. Data from 492 fathers who have school aged children were collected through an online survey. The overall trend of the frequency of father's family meals showed an average of 2.4 breakfasts and an average of 3.2 dinners per week. The frequency of the father's family meals showed statistically significant differences according to the father's age, children's school age, dual income, weekly working hours, working flexibility, leaving on-time and the priority of work and family. The analysis of hierarchical linear regressions was conducted to determine factors affecting the frequency of father's family mealtime to show that the frequency of father's family mealtime was best explained by father's working conditions and perception variables. Working conditions such as working hours, leaving work on time, working flexibility were significant variables in regards to the father's family mealtime frequency. The father's perception towards parental efficacy, wife's support, and work-family priority were significant factors in regards to the father's family mealtime frequency. This study is meaningful in that it provides basic data on policy making for the compatibility of the father's work and family.

Consideration of the Courtesy Education at the Dining Table in the Books of Social Norms of Joseon Dynasty Era

Ju¹,

Won²

2016

We researched the modern meanings of traditional dining table courtesy education and its correlation with the main values of contemporary personality education based on dining table courtesy education stated in the social norms texts of the Joseon dynasty. Among the social norms of the Joseon dynasty, we chose Sohak, Naehun, Dongmongsuji, Seonghakjibyo, Gyeongmongyogyeol, Jeungbosallimgyeongje, Sasojeol, and Koamgahoon for research. As a result of our research on these documents and books, the modern meanings of the courtesy education at the dining table can be summarized as follow. First, the courtesy education has table manners appropriate for the development level of early children. Second, it teaches right-handed dining manners that match the features of Korean food culture. Third, it has the self-discipline and the values of community life, sharing, solicitude, and communication. Fourth, parents and grandparents are involved in the education. Fifth, it has the core values of modern personality education: manners, filial piety, respect, solicitude, communication, cooperation, and responsibility. Future courtesy education at the dining table should include practical education programs that can consolidate the bond of sympathy between the home, school, and society, and can improve its practice; in addition, to expand the opportunities for education, proactive social support is demanded. 주영애·원미연 최근 밥상머리교육에 관한 연구를 살펴보면 Lee [14]의 가 족식사가 자녀의 학교적응에 미치는 영향, Lee와 Choi [15]의 가족식사 및 가족기능이 초기 청소년의 학교적응에 미치는 영 향, Kim [10]의 밥상머리 교육여부에 따른 중학생의 사회성 도 덕성 발달의 차이 연구, Choi와 Choe [3]의 밥상머리교육활동 이 유아의 자아존중감 및 조망수용 능력에 미치는 영향, Park [25]의 사례로 본 밥상머리교육, Park [27]의 식사유형에 따른 초등학생의 식사행동 및 식사예절비교 등 학위논문과 학술논문 들이 발표되고 있다. 가정에서 청소년들은 인성과 사회성을 배우고 성장해 나아간 다. 특히 인성함양을 위한 교육이 그 어느 때 보다도 중요하게 회 자되면서, 교사들을 위한 인성교육 서적[5]을 비롯하여 교육부의 인성교육을 위한 부모상담가이드[22]등도 간행되었고, 인성교육 진흥법도 2015년 7월부터 시행되고 있다. 이러한 과정에서 특히 부모와 함께 하는 식사시간은 청소년의 건강한 성장의 토대가 되 고, 가족의 유대를 나누고 행복감을 느낄 수 있는 시간으로 의미 가 크며[14], 인성교육으로 그 실천성이 강조되고 있다. 즉, 가족 식사는 가족 안에서 이루어지는 하나의 의식으로 가족의 정체성, 가치관, 목표를 형성하고, 가족식사에서 이루어지는 예절(禮節), 형식, 문화 등을 통해 한 가족임을 공유하게 하는 힘이 내포되어 있다[33]. 따라서 사회적으로 청소년의 문제, 학교 폭력, 인성교 육의 부재 등이 심각한 현실에서, 가족이 함께 하는 식사시간을 활용한 밥상머리 교육에 관심이 커지고 있는 것은 당연하다[14]. SBS 스페셜 제작팀의 "밥상머리의 작은 기적" 에서는 인생 최고 의 교실이 밥상머리이며, 언어발달, 지능발달의 가치를 담고 있다 고 방송한 바 있다[32].