Influence of farming exposure on the development of asthma and asthma-like symptoms

Wells, Adam D.; Poole, Jill; Romberger, Debra J.

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2014.07.014

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…These exposures have been used to explain the previously observed lower prevalence in rural areas [29, 30]. In our study, we considered the category of rural, which included both non-farm and farm dwellers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood asthma, asthma severity indicators, and related conditions along an urban-rural gradient: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2017

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BackgroundAsthma prevalence is generally lower in rural locations with some indication of an urban-rural gradient. However, among children with asthma, certain rural exposures thought to protect against the development of asthma could aggravate the condition. We examined childhood asthma prevalence and related conditions along an urban-rural gradient and also examined the characteristics of those with asthma along the urban-rural gradient.MethodsIn 2013 we completed a cross-sectional survey of 3509 children aged 5–14 years living in various population densities of Saskatchewan, Canada. Location of dwelling was identified as belonging to one of the following population densities: large urban region (approximately 200,000), small urban (approximately 35,000), or rural (small town of <1,500 or farm dweller). Physician-diagnosed asthma and asthma-related symptoms were ascertained from responses in the parental-completed questionnaires.ResultsOf the study population, 69% lived in a large urban region, 11% lived in a small urban centre and 20% were rural dwellers. Overall, asthma prevalence was 19.6% with differences in asthma prevalence with differences between locations (large urban = 20.7%; small urban = 21.5%; rural = 15.1%; p = 0.003). After adjustment for potential confounders, the association between location of dwelling and asthma remained significant. Despite a lower prevalence of asthma in the rural area, the prevalence and risk of ever wheeze and having more than 3 wheezing episodes in the past 12 months among those who reported asthma, was higher in rural locations after adjustment for potential confounders.ConclusionsThe results of this study support the evidence of a difference in childhood asthma prevalence between urban and rural locations and that once a child has asthma, certain rural exposures may aggravate the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood asthma, asthma severity indicators, and related conditions along an urban-rural gradient: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2017

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“…Farm and ranching families make up only 2% of the US population [33], and this number will likely continue to decline as the average age of the farmer (58 years in 2012) continues to climb [34]. Even so, numerous studies have demonstrated a protective benefit of small farm living on the development of asthma by rural children and adolescents [35]. Explanations for this include exposure to dust and environmental microbial agents [36–38] and increased diversity in the nasal microbiota [39].…”

Section: Macro-environmental Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural Asthma: Current Understanding of Prevalence, Patterns, and Interventions for Children and Adolescents

Estrada

Ownby

2017

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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Rural children experience factors unique to location that impact asthma development and outcomes, including housing quality, cigarette smoke exposure, and small/large-scale farming. Additionally, there are challenging barriers to appropriate asthma care that frequently are more severe for those living in rural areas, including insurance status, lack of primary care providers and pulmonary specialists, knowledge deficits (both patient and provider), and a lack of culturally tailored asthma interventions. Interventions designed to address rural pediatric asthma disparities are more likely to be successful when targeted to specific challenges, such as the use of school-based services or telemedicine to mitigate asthma care access issues. Continued research on understanding the complex interaction of specific rural environmental factors with host factors can inform future interventions designed to mitigate asthma disparities.

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“…Rhinosinusitis, non-allergic asthma, chronic bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as well as lung function decline over time are respiratory disorders amongst individuals persons exposed to agriculture-related organic dusts (Viegas et al, 2013; Wells, et al 2014; May, et al 2012; Hawley et al, 2015). In addition, farmers suffer from systemic illnesses such as musculoskeletal diseases (approximately 90% lifetime prevalence), with agricultural work representing one of the highest rates of fracture risk in an occupational setting (Osborne, et al 2012a; 2012b; Leon, et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age Impacts Pulmonary Inflammation and Systemic Bone Response to Inhaled Organic Dust Exposure

Poole

Romberger

Wyatt

et al. 2015

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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Agricultural workers have high rates of airway and skeletal health disease. Studies recently demonstrated that inhaled agricultural organic dust extract (ODE) induced-airway injury is associated with bone deterioration in an animal model. However, the effect of age in governing these responses to organic dusts is unclear, but might be important in future approaches. Young (7–9 weeks) and older (12–14 months) male C57BL/6 mice received intranasal (i.n.) inhalation exposure to ODE from swine confinement facilities once or daily for 3 weeks. Acute ODE-induced neutrophil influx and cytokine and chemokine (TNF-α, IL-6, CXCL1, CXCL2) airway production was reduced in older compared to young mice. Repetitive ODE treatment, however, increased lymphocyte recruitment and alveolar compartment histopathologic inflammatory changes in older mice. Whole lung cell infiltrate analysis revealed that young, but not older mice, repetitively treated with ODE demonstrated an elevated CD4:CD8 lymphocyte response. Acute inhalant ODE exposure resulted in a 4-fold and 1.5-fold rise in blood neutrophils in young and older mice, respectively. Serum IL-6 and CXCL1 levels were elevated in young and older mice i.n. exposed once to ODE, with increased CXCL1 levels in younger compared to older mice. Although older mice displayed reduced bone measurements compared to younger mice, younger rodents demonstrated ODE-induced decrease in bone mineral density, bone volume and bone micro-architecture quality as determined by CT analysis. Collectively, age impacts the airway injury, and systemic inflammatory and bone loss response to inhalant ODE, suggesting an altered and enhanced immunologic response in younger as compared to older counterparts.

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Influence of farming exposure on the development of asthma and asthma-like symptoms

Cited by 23 publications

References 69 publications

Childhood asthma, asthma severity indicators, and related conditions along an urban-rural gradient: a cross-sectional study

Childhood asthma, asthma severity indicators, and related conditions along an urban-rural gradient: a cross-sectional study

Rural Asthma: Current Understanding of Prevalence, Patterns, and Interventions for Children and Adolescents

Age Impacts Pulmonary Inflammation and Systemic Bone Response to Inhaled Organic Dust Exposure

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