Influence of feed particle size and feed form on productive performance, egg quality, gastrointestinal tract traits, digestive enzymes, intestinal morphology, and nutrient digestibility of laying hens reared in enriched cages

Ege, G.; Bozkurt, Mehmet; Koçer, Bilge; Tüzün, Ahmet Engin; Uygun, Murat; Alkan, Gülsüm

doi:10.3382/ps/pez082

Cited by 34 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…At all ages measured, CWS fed pullets had the lowest, and MWS fed pullets the highest relative EPG, while COH fed pullets were intermediate ( Table 7 ). These findings are similar to the results reported by several authors who compared pelleted and mash diets in egg-type pullets ( Frikha et al, 2009a , b ; Saldaña et al, 2015a , b ; Bozkurt et al, 2019 ) and laying hens ( Ege et al, 2019 ). The main driver for poultry gizzard development seems to be diet particle size and birds do not fully develop their gastro intestinal tract when highly processed pelleted feeds are used ( Zaefarian et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The effect was explained by a higher digestibility coefficient for ether extract, an increased amylase and lipase activity, and an increased ileal absorption surface area, when crumbles were fed, compared to mash. Ege et al (2019) also found an increased amylase activity and ileal surface area in laying hens fed crumbles, which indicate an increased nutrient utilization. The argument of the increased ileal surface area by both authors is indeed an indication for an increased nutrient absorption capacity, but it is worth noting that the method used only calculates the surface area of an average villus and does not take other factors (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

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The effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus level, and feed form during rearing on growth performance, bone traits and egg production in brown egg-type pullets from 0 to 32 weeks of age

et al. 2021

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In a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, effects of feed form (crumbles ( CWS ), mash ( MWS ), both with inclusion of 3% finely ground wheat straw, or crumbles with inclusion of 3% oat hulls ( COH )), and dietary Ca and P (high and low Ca-P) from 0 to 16 wk of age were studied on growth performance, bone characteristics, and gizzard development of egg-type pullets. The cross-over effect of feeding strategy during rearing on laying performance and egg shell quality was studied from 19 to 32 wk of age. From 0 to 16 wk, ADG, ADFI, and feed conversion ratio ( FCR ) were improved with CWS and COH compared to MWS, but ADG and FCR were improved with MWS compared to CWS and COH from 11 to 16 wk. Uniformity of BW till 11 wk, and tibia breaking strength at 6 and 16 wk were higher with CWS and COH compared to MWS. Tibia ash content at 11 wk and relative empty proventriculus + gizzard weight (EPG) were lower with CWS and COH compared to MWS, also relative EPG at 11 and 16 wk was higher with COH compared to CWS. At 25 wk BW was lower with MWS compared to CWS and COH, but BW was equal for all treatments at 32 wk. The FCR for egg production was improved with COH compared to MWS. Egg shell parameters were not affected by feed form during rearing. Low Ca-P decreased BW uniformity at 6 wk, relative keel bone weight and ash content at 11 wk, tibia ash content at 11 and 16 wk, increased relative EPG at 6 wk, and improved egg shell quality at 32 wk of age. It was concluded that feeding CWS and COH compared to MWS increased growth performance, but had no clear cross-over effect on egg production. Low dietary Ca-P led to a lower bone mineralization during rearing, nevertheless improved egg shell quality at 32 wk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

The effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus level, and feed form during rearing on growth performance, bone traits and egg production in brown egg-type pullets from 0 to 32 weeks of age

et al. 2021

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“…Structural components such as coarse particles and whole grains have been widely used in poultry diets. It has been suggested that the pre-pellet inclusion of whole grain and its coarse particles in poultry diets contribute to increasing gizzard size, and stimulate gut motility and pancreatic secretion (Truong et al, 2017;Ege et al, 2019;El-Wahab et al, 2020a). Pretreatment of rye by pelleting prior to enzyme supplementation has also been shown to enhance the susceptibility of the viscous-causing carbohydrates to enzymatic degradation and the subsequent response of birds fed such diets (Bedford et al, 1991;Teitge et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of graded dietary inclusion levels of hybrid rye grain on productive performance, the cost-effectiveness of nutrition and egg quality in laying hens

Mikulski

Naczmański

Mikulska

et al. 2022

Annals of Animal Science

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The study was designed to investigate productivity parameters, egg quality and the cost effectiveness of feeding laying hens with diets where ground wheat was replaced with varying levels of whole hybrid rye grain cv. Brasetto. A total of 396 Hy-Line Brown hens at 34 weeks of age were allocated to three treatment groups with 66 replicates (cages) of two hens each, and were fed isocaloric and isonitrogenous pelleted diets for 12 weeks. The diet for control group hens (R0) did not contain rye grain. In diets for hens from groups R100 and R200, ground wheat grain was partially replaced with whole rye grain at 100 g/kg and 200 g/kg, respectively. Whole intact rye grains were included in the diets. The cost of diets containing 10% and 20% of whole rye grain was by approximately 1.0% and 1.9% lower, respectively, compared with the control diet that contained no rye grain. During the entire 12-week feeding period, dietary treatments had no effect on laying rate (95.64% to 97.07%), egg weight (62.51 g to 62.74 g) or egg mass output (5.04 kg to 5.12 kg per hen). The inclusion of whole rye grain in layer diets caused a linear increase in feed intake (P < 0.047) and tended to linearly increase the feed conversion ratio (FCR, P = 0.078). Both groups of hens fed diets containing whole rye grain were characterized by a linear decrease in the dry matter (DM) content of excreta (P = 0.001). Increased excreta moisture was accompanied by a tendency towards a higher incidence of dirty eggshells in R200 hens (P = 0.068). The inclusion of 100 g/kg of whole rye grain in layer diets decreased the cost of feed per kg of eggs by 1.9%. Dietary treatments had no significant effect on eggshell thickness (0.330 mm - 0.345 mm), albumen quality (Haugh units, 83.46 – 85.84) or yolk color (3.8 - 4.0). The results of this experiment indicate that pre-pellet inclusion of whole rye (at up to 200 g/kg) in diets with supplemental NSP-degrading enzymes and phytase can be an effective and economically viable alternative to ground wheat in pelleted layer diets.

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“…Dry sieve analysis was performed to determine particle size distribution [ 39 , 40 ]. A sample of 100 g was shaken for 10 min at an amplitude of 8 in a sieve tower (Retsch AS 200, Retsch GmbH, Haan, Germany) with seven sieves of mesh sizes of 3150, 2500, 2000, 1600, 1000, 500, and 250 μm (analysis sieves, Retsch GmbH, Haan, Germany).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between Feed Particle Size Distribution and Plumage Condition in Laying Hens on Commercial Farms

Schreiter¹,

Damme

Freick

2021

Animals

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In this cross-sectional study, 103 complete feed samples from laying hen herds affected by plumage damage as an indirect measure for severe feather pecking (affected herds; AH, n = 37) and control herds without plumage damage (control herd; CH, n = 66) of commercial German farms were examined by dry sieve and nutrient analysis. AH showed higher percentages of particles >2.50 mm (mean ± SD, CH: 11.0 ± 8.5%, AH: 24.9 ± 14.3%) and 2.00–2.50 mm (CH: 11.2 ± 5.3%, AH: 15.7 ± 5.7%), but lower proportions of fractions 1.01–1.60 mm (CH: 22.9 ± 4.9%, AH: 17.8 ± 5.7%), 0.51–1.00 mm (CH: 25.5 ± 8.2%, AH: 16.0 ± 6.8%) and ≤0.50 mm (CH: 15.4 ± 5.0%, AH: 11.0 ± 4.8%) (p < 0.001). Diets of AH had a higher geometric mean diameter (GMD) compared to CH (AH: 1470.8 ± 343.9 μm; CH: 1113.3 ± 225.7 μm) (p < 0.001). Contents of crude ash (CH: 130.3 ± 18.8 g/kg, AH: 115.9 ± 24.3 g/kg), lysine (CH: 8.2 ± 1.0 g/kg, AH: 7.7 ± 1.2 g/kg), methionine (CH: 3.4 ± 0.5 g/kg, AH: 3.2 ± 0.6 g/kg) and sodium (CH: 1.7 ± 0.4 g/kg, AH: 1.3 ± 0.4 g/kg) were lower in AH (p ≤ 0.041). In a logistic regression model, animal age (p = 0.041) and GMD (p < 0.001) were significant factors on the occurrence of plumage damage.

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Influence of feed particle size and feed form on productive performance, egg quality, gastrointestinal tract traits, digestive enzymes, intestinal morphology, and nutrient digestibility of laying hens reared in enriched cages

Cited by 34 publications

References 54 publications

The effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus level, and feed form during rearing on growth performance, bone traits and egg production in brown egg-type pullets from 0 to 32 weeks of age

The effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus level, and feed form during rearing on growth performance, bone traits and egg production in brown egg-type pullets from 0 to 32 weeks of age

Effect of graded dietary inclusion levels of hybrid rye grain on productive performance, the cost-effectiveness of nutrition and egg quality in laying hens

Relation between Feed Particle Size Distribution and Plumage Condition in Laying Hens on Commercial Farms

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