Influence of Ge4+ substitution for Zr4+ on the microwave dielectric properties of Mg(Zr1-xGex)Nb2O8 (0 ≤x ≤ 0.4) ceramics

Usage of P–V–L bond theory in studying the structural/property regulation of microwave dielectric ceramics: a review

“…214 A Ti site replaced by a Ge 4+ cation (0.2 mol) is beneficial for the development of the Q × f value to 80493 GHz. 215 An Nb site partially substituted by Ta 5+ and Sb 5+ cations also testified to positive effects on the Q × f value (Sb = 0.08 mol, Q × f = 89 400 GHz). 216 Therefore, structural impacts, especially the evolution of bond features in an AZrB 2 O 8 monoclinic solid solution, may be crucial for discussing the structure-property relationship.…”

“…Consequently, the Q × f value is greatly enhanced from 64 784 GHz to 80493 GHz. 215 The Sn 4+ cation (IR = 0.69 at CN = 6) replacing a Zr site in an MgZr 0.85 Sn 0.15 Nb 2 O 8 ceramic also shows that lattice energy is advantageous to the Q × f value, where the largest U total corresponds to the highest Q × f value of 94014 GHz. 219 For Nb site substitution, Ta 5+ , Sb 5+ , (Sn 1/2 W 1/2 ) 5+ cations are used to study the structure-property relationship based on P-V-L bond theory: e.g.…”

Enhanced high dielectric characteristics tri‐layered structural ceramics for 5G/6G communications

“…(The size of the spheres in the diagram represents the value of the dielectric constant; the larger the sphere, the higher the dielectric constant of the dielectric ceramic. ) 4,19–20,33,41,54–85 …”

Ti4+modified MgZrNb2O8microwave dielectric ceramics with an ultra‐high quality factor

“…The theoretical density was calculated via Equation (1): where Z, A, V C , and N A are the number of atoms in the unit cell, the atomic weight (g/mol), the volume of the unit cell (cm 3 ), and the Avogadro number(mol −1 ), respectively. 9 The relative density was calculated by Equation (2):…”

“…8 In addition, Xiao et al improved the microwave dielectric performance in MgZrNb 2 O 8 ceramics with an appropriate amount of Ge 4+ /Sn 4+ substitution for Zr 4+ . 9,10 The studies on AZrNb 2 O 8 (A = Mn, Mg, Zn, Co) ceramics uncovered that MgZrNb 2 O 8 and ZnZrNb 2 O 8 systems possessed similar crystal structures. 6 It was also reported that the crystal structure of ZnZrNb 2 O 8 was tailored by TiO 2 modification along with a tunable τ f | 6055 ZHANG et Al.…”