Influence of gel-derived nanocrystalline spinel in a high alumina castable: Part 2

Mukhopadhyay, Siddhartha; Pal, P. G.; Nag, B. B.; Jana, P.

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2005.09.009

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In 1 : 1 molecular composition the crystal size was 3.14 nm at 900 • C slightly increased to 5.52 nm at 1100 • C. At 1300 and 1500 • C an obvious increase in the crystal size is observed reaching 29.38 nm and 35.76 nm. In 4 : 1 molecular composition the average crystal size at 900 • C and 1100 • C are 5.02 nm and 5.44 nm which increase to 22.84 nm and 26.06 nm at 1300 and 1500 • C. In 1 : 4 molecular composition a relatively larger average crystal size is obtained at 900 and 1100 • C, 43.28 nm and 24.30 nm but lowers to 4.20 nm and 10.12 nm at 1300 and 1500 • C. From the crystal size data it is shown that in spite of the observed variations and discrepancy of the crystal size for different compositions at different firing temperatures, all the prepared crystal belong to the class of nano particles since their sizes de not exceed neither 100 nm (the limit of nano particles as defined by some authors) [33] nor 50 nm (the limit defined by others) [34]. The data indicate also that firing at 900 • C is enough to obtain nano-particles of pure spinel, MgO-spinel and alumina-spinel systems.…”

Section: Crystal Size Of the Powders Prepared Via Co-precipitation Tementioning

confidence: 78%

Preparation and characterization of Nano spinel powder via co-precipitation and sol-gel techniques

Khalil

Hassan

Ali

et al. 2013

Main Group Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Different compositions of pure magnesium aluminate spinel, alumina-spinel and magnesia-spinel Nano ceramic materials were prepared using co-precipitation and sol-gel techniques. The powders prepared from different molecular compositions of the starting materials; 1 : 1, 1 : 4 and 4 : 1 of either magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate (co-precipitation) or magnesium chloride and aluminum hydroxide (sol-gel) were calcined at different firing temperatures; 900, 1100, 1300 and 1500 • C. The solid phase compositions of the calcined samples were investigated using x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The crystal size of the fired powders was calculated from XRD patterns using Scherer's equation. The microstructure and solid phase analysis of some selected samples were investigated using scanning electron microscope attached with energy dispersed x-ray unit. Based on the mineralogical, crystal size and microstructure studies, it is concluded that different compositions of pure spinel, magnesia-spinel and alumina-spinel could be attained at different firing temperatures; 900 • C, 1100 • C, 1300 • C and 1500 • C via co-precipitation and sol-gel techniques. For economical reasons firing at 900 • C is considered sufficient for obtaining pure spinel, magnesia-spinel and alumina-spinel Nano powders (<100 nm); particles prepared via sol-gel are relatively smaller compared with those prepared via co-precipitation.

show abstract

Section: Crystal Size Of the Powders Prepared Via Co-precipitation Tementioning

confidence: 78%

Preparation and characterization of Nano spinel powder via co-precipitation and sol-gel techniques

Khalil

Hassan

Ali

et al. 2013

Main Group Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…20,22,23 According to Equation (4), the high viscosity of the slags adjacent to the spinel limit slags penetration and corrosion. C/MA has higher lattice strain of crystal, which can trap more Mn and Fe ions, resulting in increased viscosity of slag.…”

Section: Mgal 2 O 4 Composite Powders On the Static Slag Corrosion Rementioning

confidence: 99%

“…C/MA has higher lattice strain of crystal, which can trap more Mn and Fe ions, resulting in increased viscosity of slag. 20,22,23 According to Equation (4), the high viscosity of the slags adjacent to the spinel limit slags penetration and corrosion. Therefore, MgO-C refractories with the multilayer graphene/MgAl 2 O 4 composite powders have better slag corrosion resistance.…”

Section: The Effect Of the Multilayer Graphene/ Mgal 2 O 4 Compositmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved properties of low‐carbon MgO‐C refractories with the addition of multilayer graphene/MgAl₂O₄ composite powders

Ding

Xiao

et al. 2019

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The paper investigated the effects of different amounts (0%, 3%, 6%, 9%) of in situ multilayer graphene/MgAl2O4 composite powders on the slag resistance, thermal shock resistance, and oxidation resistance of low‐carbon MgO‐C refractories. Comparing with commercial MgAl2O4, the MgAl2O4 in in situ multilayer graphene/MgAl2O4 composite powders has higher lattice strain of crystal, which can trap more Mn and Fe ions, resulting in the better slag resistance. The oxidation decarbonation layer of MgO‐C specimen with 3% composite powders is 9.71 mm, which is lower than not only the specimen with other contents but also specimen containing carbon black/MgAl2O4 powders. Moreover, the residual strength ratio of the specimen C/MA‐3 was 47.47%, which is 28.5% and 8.08% higher than specimens with no additive and with carbon black/MgAl2O4 powders, respectively. Both improving thermal shock and oxidation resistance properties are related with the unique nano structure, multilayer graphene in situ formed between MgAl2O4 grains, of added composite powders. The former is due to higher strain energy consumed by multi‐deflection of cracks inside the multilayer graphene/MgAl2O4 composite powders. And the latter is due to the higher energy of oxidation activation of multilayer graphene/MgAl2O4 composite powders due to effective protection of multilayer graphene by MgAl2O4.

show abstract

“…34,35 Effect of preformed and in situ spinels on microstructure and properties of a low cement refractory castable and influence of gel derived nanocrystalline spinel were discussed in detail. 36,37 The in situ spinels were prepared by the sol-gel route as semidried reactive mass and were characterized. Studies were also carried out to observe the effect of cement and magnesia fines on in situ spinel formation in alumina magnesia castable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Addition of Titania doped Preformed Spinel in High Alumina Castables

Sarkar

Haldar

Mukherjee

et al. 2009

Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnesium aluminate spinel aggregate was prepared by reaction sintering technique from its constituent oxides in a single firing process and the aggregate was used to develop alumina spinel castable. Different compositions were studied with variation in spinel content between 16 and 20 wt%. Other constituents used were WTA aggregates, bauxite aggregates, high alumina cements and additives. Developed castable was characterized for various properties both at dried and fired conditions.

show abstract

Influence of gel-derived nanocrystalline spinel in a high alumina castable: Part 2

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

Preparation and characterization of Nano spinel powder via co-precipitation and sol-gel techniques

Preparation and characterization of Nano spinel powder via co-precipitation and sol-gel techniques

Improved properties of low‐carbon MgO‐C refractories with the addition of multilayer graphene/MgAl₂O₄ composite powders

Effect of Addition of Titania doped Preformed Spinel in High Alumina Castables

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Influence of gel-derived nanocrystalline spinel in a high alumina castable: Part 2

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

Preparation and characterization of Nano spinel powder via co-precipitation and sol-gel techniques

Preparation and characterization of Nano spinel powder via co-precipitation and sol-gel techniques

Improved properties of low‐carbon MgO‐C refractories with the addition of multilayer graphene/MgAl2O4 composite powders

Effect of Addition of Titania doped Preformed Spinel in High Alumina Castables

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Improved properties of low‐carbon MgO‐C refractories with the addition of multilayer graphene/MgAl₂O₄ composite powders