Influence of Genotype on High Glucosinolate Synthesis Lines of Brassica rapa

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate doubled haploid (DH) lines produced between high GSL (HGSL) Brassica rapa ssp. trilocularis (yellow sarson) and low GSL (LGSL) B. rapa ssp. chinensis (pak choi) parents. In total, 161 DH lines were generated. GSL content of HGSL DH lines ranged from 44.12 to 57.04 μmol·g−1·dry weight (dw), which is within the level of high GSL B. rapa ssp. trilocularis (47.46 to 59.56 μmol g−1 dw). We resequenced five of the HGSL DH lines and three of the LGSL DH lines. Recombination blocks were formed between the parental and DH lines with 108,328 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in all chromosomes. In the measured GSL, gluconapin occurred as the major substrate in HGSL DH lines. Among the HGSL DH lines, BrYSP_DH005 had glucoraphanin levels approximately 12-fold higher than those of the HGSL mother plant. The hydrolysis capacity of GSL was analyzed in HGSL DH lines with a Korean pak choi cultivar as a control. Bioactive compounds, such as 3-butenyl isothiocyanate, 4-pentenyl isothiocyanate, 2-phenethyl isothiocyanate, and sulforaphane, were present in the HGSL DH lines at 3-fold to 6.3-fold higher levels compared to the commercial cultivar. The selected HGSL DH lines, resequencing data, and SNP identification were utilized for genome-assisted selection to develop elite GSL-enriched cultivars and the industrial production of potential anti-cancerous metabolites such as gluconapin and glucoraphanin.

Anticancer Effects of High Glucosinolate Synthesis Lines of Brassica rapa on Colorectal Cancer Cells

“…trilocularis and B. rapa subsp. chinensis using microspore culture [ 20 ]. Resequencing and GSL analysis revealed that the total GSL contents of newly produced HGSL DHLs ranged from 44.12–57.04 μmol/g.…”

“…trilocularis (yellow sarson) and B. rapa subsp. Chinensis (pak choi) [ 20 ]. We used three HGSL DHLs with BioSample accession numbers deposited in the NCBI database as follows: BrYSP_DH005, BrYSP_DH014, and BrYSP_DH026, which were deposited in Korea Agricultural Culture Collection (KACC, , accessed on 16 September 2020) as follows: BrYSP_DH005 (KACC98082P), BrYSP_DH014 (KACC98083P), and BrYSP_DH026 (KACC98086P).…”

“…Sinigrin was used as an external standard for quantification. Total and individual GSL contents were calculated as means of three biological replicates [ 20 ]. Samples of commercial B. rapa subsp.…”

“…trilocularis (yellow sarson) and B. rapa subsp. chinensis (pak choi (PC)) [ 20 ]. From 161 DHLs, we identified high-GSL (HGSL)-containing DHLs with GSL contents ranging from 44.12 to 57.04 μmol/g·dry weight (dw).…”

Plants as Biofactories to Produce Food, Medicines, and Materials for a True Green Revolution

“…This approach is called Plant Molecular Farming ( Figure 1 ). In the past 20 years, genetic engineering has made it possible to generate transgenic plant lines with higher concentrations of the desired chemicals, with non-negligible implications for the sustainability of the product on the whole, especially in economic and environmental terms [ 7 ].…”