Influence of geochemical processes on hydrochemistry and irrigation suitability of groundwater in part of semi-arid Deccan Plateau, India

Abstract

Major ion geochemistry was used to characterise the chemical composition of groundwater in part of semiarid Deccan plateau region to understand the geochemical evolution and to evaluate the groundwater quality for irrigation. The study area comprises peninsular gneissic complex of Archean age, younger granites and basaltic alluvium. Forty-nine georeferenced groundwater samples were collected and analysed for major ions. The ionic sequence based on relative proportions was Na. High Na ? , Mg 2? and Ca 2? were generally associated with basaltic alluvial formation, whereas pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved salts (TDS) were found to be higher in granitic formations. High standard deviation for EC, TDS, Na ? , Ca 2? and Mg 2? indicated the dispersion of ionic concentration throughout the study area. Four major hydrochemical facies identified were Na-Mg-HCO 3 type; Mg-Na-HCO 3 type; Na-Mg-Ca-SO 4 and Mg-Na-Ca-SO 4 type. The graphical plots indicated that the groundwater chemistry was influenced by rock-water interaction, silicate weathering and reverse ion exchange. Sodium-dominated waters might have impeded the hydraulic properties of soils as a result of long-term irrigation.

Assessment of groundwater quality in hard rock aquifer of central Telangana state for drinking and agriculture purposes

“…In the most recent studies, researchers found that rock-water interaction and evaporation are the main reasons for the water quality deterioration in this region (Das et al 2017;Narsimha and Sudarshan 2017;Venkateshwarlu and Reddy 2017). Findings from studies by Vasu et al (2017) and Adimalla and Venkatayogi (2018) also suggest the influence of rock-water interaction in addition to silicate weathering and reverse ion exchange towards the groundwater chemical evolution. In most instances, the groundwater was found to be unsuitable for household uses and marginal for irrigation purpose (Unnisa and Bi 2017).…”

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics, Quality Assessment and Health Impact Analysis of Groundwater for Drinking in the University of Chittagong, Bangladesh

“…Na + , Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+ were found as the leading cations (pie and Schoeller diagrams, Figures 5 and 6, respectively) in our study area. The Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ ratio of 1 indicates dolomite liquefaction and >2 indicates silicate mineral weathering [129]. In the study area, 8.33% of the samples had Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ ratios less than 1 and 75% had ratios between 1 and 2, indicating dissolution of dolomite and calcite due to higher concentrations of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ .…”

“…Ariful Alam, Md. Nazrul Islam, Ayesha Afrin, and Health Impact Analysis of Groundwater for Drinking Ferdausi Ali, Shahidul Islam and Sumon Ganguli in the University of Chittagong, Bangladesh minerals over bicarbonate [129]. Only 4 samples (16.67%) lay below the 1:1 equiline, indicating bicarbonate zone caused by the reaction of carbonic acid with feldspar.…”

“…In the study area, 8.33% of the samples had Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ ratios less than 1 and 75% had ratios between 1 and 2, indicating dissolution of dolomite and calcite due to higher concentrations of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ . However, 16.67% of the samples had ratios over 2, which indicated silicate dissolution [129]. In Figure 10(a), the scatter diagram of (Ca 2+ +Mg 2+ ) vs (SO4 2-+HCO3 -) makes public that majority of the samples fell above 1:1 equiline, inferring dolomite dissolution being the primary process, and only 4 samples fell below the line, which indicates silicate weathering [130][131][132].…”

Comparison Of Isotope And Hydrochemical Characteristics Of Springs In Sembalun – Rinjani Area, East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia Before And After The Earthquake Events In 2018

“…2shows that almost all cold springs, Orok River and Orok warm spring are along the equiline, indicating that the abundance of these ions is mainly due to the weathering of carbonates (calcite and dolomite) (Mora et al, 2017). For Sebau hot spring (2012 and 2019) shows those points fall above the equiline, indicating that dolomite or montmorillonite secondary minerals dissolution was the primary process determining the chemical of groundwater (Vasu et al, 2017). While, Kalak and Rinjani hot springs show those points fall below the equiline, indicating gypsum or anhydrite dissolution was the primary process determining the chemical of groundwater.…”