Influence of geological discontinuities on the groundwater flow of the Serra Geral Fractured Aquifer System

Vargas, Tiago de; Boff, Fernando Eduardo; Belladona, Rossano; Faccioni, Luis Felipe; Reginato, Pedro Antônio Roehe; Schwanck, Franciéle

doi:10.1016/j.gsd.2022.100780

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This filling is different from dubiofossils because, in addition to cutting the sedimentary layers, it has a prismatic euhedral habit of regular size, transparent vitreous luster, and high crystallinity (Fig. 8j and k); quartz crystals possibly filled in the fractures (see Hartmann et al, 2012;Teixeira et al, 2018;De Vargas et al, 2022). The same crystallization rarely occurs in slides following the layering plane and covering the sedimentary structures and the dubiofossils (Fig.…”

Section: Context Paleoenvironment and Associated Biotic Elementsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…(2) A distribution restricted to this contact does not occur far from it in the previous layers of the Rio do Sul Formation, which disfavors the explanation of a purely depositional product, whether abiotic or biotic. (3) A relatively wide geographic distribution occurs in the three outcrops, always closer to the sill contact, but is not found in other Cretaceous thermal aureoles within the Paraná Basin (see Santos et al, 2009;Hartmann et al, 2012;Teixeira et al, 2018;De Vargas et al, 2022), which precludes characterization as an artifact of purely contact metamorphism. Thus, the dubiofossil may have been formed through the combination of a syn-depositional or diagenetic process with a thermal effect.…”

Section: Evaluating Proposalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deciphering the origin of dubiofossils from the Pennsylvanian of the Paraná Basin, Brazil

Saldanha,

Cagliari,

Scalise Horodyski

et al. 2023

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Minerals are the fundamental record of abiotic processes over time, while biominerals are one of the most common records of life due to their easy preservation and abundance. However, distinguishing between biominerals and abiotic minerals is challenging due to the superimposition and repetition of geologic processes and the interference of ubiquitous and diverse life on Earth's surface and crust. Mineral dubiofossils, being potential outcomes of both abiotic and biotic environments, emerge as valuable entities that can contribute significantly to the understanding of this issue, facilitating the testing and refinement of biogenicity criteria. The aim of this contribution is to decipher the origin and history of branched mineralized structures that were previously considered mineral dubiofossils from the Pennsylvanian of the Paraná Basin, Brazil. While this material has different forms and refers to biological aspects, it is challenging to associate it with any known fossil group due to the overlapping geological processes occurring in a transitional deposit of Rio do Sul Formation (Itararé Group of the Paraná Basin), particularly in close proximity to a sill from the Serra Geral Group (Lower Cretaceous), which has undergone thermal effects. Given the absence of attributes essential for supporting the initial hypotheses proposing the material as a potential set of sponge spicules or a result of contact metamorphism in Pennsylvanian turbidites, the objects are now investigated as mineral dubiofossils. To address this challenge, we have developed a descriptive protocol for dubiofossils, building upon prior research in the field. This protocol evaluates the following aspects: (1) morphology, texture, and structure; (2) relationship with the matrix; (3) composition; and (4) context. This is done by assessing indigeneity and syngenicity and comparing the specimens with abiotic and biotic products. Applying this protocol to our samples revealed a wide range of morphologies with internal organization, predominantly composed of calcite with impurities such as iron, magnesium, aluminum, and oxygen. The inferred indigeneity suggests the presence of these minerals concurrently with or prior to the intrusion of the sill. Extensive comparisons were made between the studied samples and a broad spectrum of abiotic minerals, as well as controlled, induced, and influenced biominerals from similar contexts. These comparative analyses encompassed sponge spicules; sea urchin and algae skeletons; minerals induced or influenced by fungi, bacteria, and microbial mats; and inorganic pre- and synsedimentary–eodiagenetic minerals like evaporites, springs, and other precipitates, and mesodiagenetic–metamorphic crystals. Despite this comprehensive analysis, no hypothesis emerged as significantly more likely than others. The comparative analysis did allow us to exclude the possibility of the samples being controlled biominerals due to their patternless diversity of morphologies, as well as purely thermometamorphic in origin due to their branched elongated forms. The occurrence of these structures suggests a complex history: a syn-depositional or eodiagenetic origin of some carbonate or sulfate (gypsum, ikaite, dolomite, calcite, aragonite, siderite), potentially associated with the presence of microbial mats, which may have served as templates for mineralization and mediated mineral growth. Mesodiagenesis could have further modified the occurrence through processes such as mineral stabilization, agglutination, aging, and growth. However, the primary agent responsible for the formation of the dubiofossil was the Cretaceous intrusion, which dissolved and replaced the initial minerals, resulting in the precipitation of calcite. Throughout these steps, a combination of physical–chemical and biological reactions, influenced by intrinsic matrix characteristics, organic matter content, and distance from the intrusive body, may have contributed to the heightened morphological complexity observed, thus corroborating the origin of the material becomes even more challenging. Consequently, both the hypotheses pertaining to the formation of biotic and abiotic sulfates and carbonates remain plausible explanations, hence sustaining the classification of the material as a dubiofossil. This material illustrates how dubiofossils can be a result of a complex history and overlapping geological processes. It also highlights the difficulty in differentiating biominerals from abiotic minerals due to the scarcity of biogenicity arguments.

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Section: Context Paleoenvironment and Associated Biotic Elementsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Evaluating Proposalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the origin of dubiofossils from the Pennsylvanian of the Paraná Basin, Brazil

Saldanha,

Cagliari,

Scalise Horodyski

et al. 2023

Biogeosciences

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“…The aquifer is a hydrology component that contains groundwater whose characteristics are based on its formation process (De Vargas et al, 2022). In this study, the aquifer data was obtained from the Geology Agency, which has information about aquifers with low and local productivity, the aquifer with a wide distribution, local productive aquifers, and scarce groundwater areas.…”

Section: Hydrogeology (Aquifer)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Geographic Information System (Gis) and Remote Sensing (Rs) for Potential Unconfined Groundwater in Structural and Volcano Landform

Ihsan

Arrasyid

Darsiharjo

et al. 2023

Geodesy and Cartography

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The Northern Bandung area covers two landforms, namely volcano and structural landforms. Unconfined groundwater has become the water source for local people’s daily needs in both landforms. It is necessary to map the potential unconfined groundwater for both volcano and structural landforms due to the significant role of springs for the local people living in those areas. This research aims to map the unconfined groundwater on the volcano and structural landforms. This study employed the approaches of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Geographic Information System (GIS), and Remote Sensing (RS) using the variables of lineament density, rainfall, slope, and Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), hydrogeology, drainage density, and land use. The result shows that each variable has the Consistency Ratio (CR) below 0,1, resulting in consistent research variables and appropriate for discussion. The classification of the potential groundwater is divided into three categories: low, medium, and high. The survey validation finds that 147 springs spread at 86 high lands, 55 medium lands, and six lowlands. This model can be an alternative to map the potential unconfined groundwater in both volcano and structural areas.

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Fracture characteristics of Hongcheon Gneiss in South Korea assessed from deep drillcore samples

Jeong,

Lee,

Choi

et al. 2024

Environ Earth Sci

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Influence of geological discontinuities on the groundwater flow of the Serra Geral Fractured Aquifer System

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Deciphering the origin of dubiofossils from the Pennsylvanian of the Paraná Basin, Brazil

Deciphering the origin of dubiofossils from the Pennsylvanian of the Paraná Basin, Brazil

The Use of Geographic Information System (Gis) and Remote Sensing (Rs) for Potential Unconfined Groundwater in Structural and Volcano Landform

Fracture characteristics of Hongcheon Gneiss in South Korea assessed from deep drillcore samples

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