Aviation hydraulic clamp-piping systems often experience damage due to vibration, which poses a great threat to the reliability and safety of the aircraft. In this paper, a hard coating is used as a new damping method to study the vibration characteristics of aviation hydraulic clamp-piping systems. Three kinds of coated clamp entities are obtained by optimization and preparation, and the combination of finite element simulation and experiment is used to analyze the vibration response of the high- and low-pressure rotor under fixed-frequency simple harmonic excitation, and the resonance response under sweep-frequency excitation of the aviation hydraulic clamp-piping system. Through orthogonal experiments, it is clear that 304 stainless steel clamps coated with 200-μm-thick YSZ-PTFE coating have the best vibration damping effect on the clamp-piping system; that is, the damping rate can reach 24.67% under fixed-frequency excitation, and swept frequency damping can reach 19.93%. The maximum error between the simulation and the experimental vibration response amplitude is 7.9%, which proves the correctness of the model and verifies that the YSZ-PTFE hard coating can significantly improve the vibration damping effect with very good application prospects.