Influence of graphite surface properties on the first electrochemical lithium intercalation

Bernardo, Ph.; Dentzer, Joseph; Gadiou, Roger; Märkle, Wolfgang; Goers, Dietrich; Novák, Petr; Spahr, Michael E.; Vix‐Guterl, Cathie

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2011.07.007

Cited by 34 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…For a graphite sample having an ASA value high enough to hinder exfoliation, we experimentally showed that the surface oxygen-containing groups are useful electrochemically reducible groups that act as nucleation sites for an effective SEI formation during the first reduction process [15,17]. We also experimentally observed that (a) the graphite tends to exfoliate when its C(O) surface groups are substituting by C(H) groups without changing the ASA value of the graphite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…More specifically, we experimentally proved that the graphite tends to exfoliate if the graphite ASA is below a certain threshold value [15][16][17]. This result has been interpreted as follows: a significant solvent co-intercalation will occur when edge atoms are not reactive enough to form an appropriate SEI layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Hence, we studied the effect of the total surface area, crystallographic structure, surface chemistry and structural order on the graphite electrochemical performance. The experimental results reported in previous papers [7,[15][16][17][18] clearly highlighted the following important points: (a) the active surface area (ASA) which is an intrinsic characteristic of the graphite is the determining parameter that controls the irreversible capacity and the exfoliation tendency during the first electrochemical cycle, (b) the presence of oxygen groups at the surface is critical for the formation of an efficient SEI layer for a graphite sample having a ASA value high enough to avoid the exfoliation phenomenon; however the type and the amount of surface (C-O) complexes are not the predominant parameters, (c) the total surface area and the crystallographic structure do not govern the irreversible capacity and the exfoliation tendency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Over the last years, we have working to study the influence of the graphite characteristics on the SEI layer formation process. In particular, we have proposed experimental methodologies to modify one graphite characteristic without changing significantly the others [7,[15][16][17][18]. The aim of these previous works was to experimentally identify the key factors that govern the formation of an effective SEI layer during the first electrochemical cycle and consequently the irreversible capacity and the exfoliation tendency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This result confirms the key role playing by the graphite active sites. It was the first time that a quantitative relationship between the active surface area (ASA) of the graphite which is an intrinsic characteristic, the exfoliation tendency and irreversible capacity could be experimentally established [9,15,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of graphite edge crystallographic orientation on the first lithium intercalation in Li-ion battery

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confidence: 90%

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3D Crinkled Alk‐Ti₃C₂ MXene Based Flexible Piezoresistive Sensors with Ultra‐High Sensitivity and Ultra‐Wide Pressure Range

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et al. 2021

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The conflict between high sensitivity and wide sensing range greatly limits the extensive application of flexible pressure sensors. To produce a sensor with both high sensitivity and wide range is still a challenging work. Herein, flexible and highly sensitive piezoresistive sensors with wide sensing range are developed by combining the alkali‐treated 3D crinkled MXene with microstructured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Sensors with different‐roughness PDMS films as flexible substrate and the unprocessed MXene as the conductive material are prepared to clarify the geometric design for the ultra‐wide pressure range (0–800 kPa). Then, other sensors assembled by NaOH‐alkalized 3D crinkled MXenes and rough PDMS are fabricated to illustrate that the material optimization can further enhance the sensitivity (up to 1104.38 kPa−1). The sensor shows a low limit of detection (17 Pa), fast response time (100 ms), good cycle stability (3000 cycles, 300 kPa), and can detect over a wide pressure range from that of the tiny pills, pulse, heartbeat, throat vibration, and the change of water weight, exhibiting a broad prospect in health monitoring systems and human‐machine interaction.

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Correlation Between Microstructure and Na Storage Behavior in Hard Carbon

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cathodes, delivering comparable energy density with Li-ion batteries. Turning to the negative electrode for Na-ion batteries, carbons have emerged as one of the most promising classes of materials in the searching of anodes, [ 5 ] with therefore intensive parallel research on alloys and metal oxides. [6][7][8][9] Although widely used in Li-ion batteries, graphite cannot be blindly implemented to Na-ion ones in presence carbonate electrolyte. [ 10 ] It was recently shown that only solvated Na ions could be intercalated into graphite when appropriate electrolyte, such as ether-based electrolyte, [ 10,11 ] is used. Therefore, other forms of carbon, such as hard carbon [ 12 ] and graphene, [ 13 ] have been widely studied. A decent reversible capacity of ≈200 mAh g −1 could be obtained so that C-based Na-ion cells were assembled and tested. [ 14 ] Hard carbon materials that contain randomly oriented graphene layers are the most studied candidate anodes. They are usually prepared by pyrolysis of organic and polymer precursors, such as glucose, [ 12 ] sugar, [ 15 ] and polypyrrole, [ 16 ] at around 1000 °C. Due to the presence of large amount of sp 3 structure in the precursor, parallel growth of graphene layers is somewhat inhibited, giving rise to plenty of defects. Like Li ion storage in carbons, Na ions can equally be stored in carbons via (i) adsorption on the surface and defects, (ii) nanopore fi lling, and (iii) intercalation between the graphene layers of large d -spacing. Although a number of studies have been conducted on the hard carbon anode, there are numerous discrepancies concerning the Na ion storage mechanisms as a diversity of both voltage profi les and capacities are reported. The charge/discharge curves of hard carbon normally consist of two regions: (i) a slope between 1.0 and 0.1 V and (ii) one fl at plateau at ≈0.1 V. The fi rst one has been explained by either Na insertion into nearly parallel graphene layers [ 17 ] or binding of Na at vacancies. [ 18 ] Equally, there is no consensus regarding the assignment of the fl at plateau which is presented as due either to the Na intercalation between expanded graphene layers [ 19 ] or to nanopore fi lling/nanoplating. [ 12 , 17 ] Obviously, these different assignments come from the variation in the microstructure/texture which depends on both the carbon precursor and thermal annealing processes. Moreover, the high capacity at above 1 V is also assigned to heteroatom doping, [ 20 ] hence calling for a careful examination on the effect of functional Hard carbons are considered among the most promising anode materials for Na-ion batteries. Understanding their structure is of great importance for optimizing their Na storage capabilities and therefore achieving high performance. Herein, carbon nanofi bers (CNFs) are prepared by electrospinning and their microstructure, texture, and surface functionality are tailored through carbonization at various temperatures ranging from 650 to 2800 °C.Stepwise carbonization gradually removes the heteroatoms and increases...

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Influence of graphite surface properties on the first electrochemical lithium intercalation

Cited by 34 publications

References 39 publications

Influence of graphite edge crystallographic orientation on the first lithium intercalation in Li-ion battery

Influence of graphite edge crystallographic orientation on the first lithium intercalation in Li-ion battery

3D Crinkled Alk‐Ti₃C₂ MXene Based Flexible Piezoresistive Sensors with Ultra‐High Sensitivity and Ultra‐Wide Pressure Range

Correlation Between Microstructure and Na Storage Behavior in Hard Carbon

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Influence of graphite surface properties on the first electrochemical lithium intercalation

Cited by 34 publications

References 39 publications

Influence of graphite edge crystallographic orientation on the first lithium intercalation in Li-ion battery

Influence of graphite edge crystallographic orientation on the first lithium intercalation in Li-ion battery

3D Crinkled Alk‐Ti3C2 MXene Based Flexible Piezoresistive Sensors with Ultra‐High Sensitivity and Ultra‐Wide Pressure Range

Correlation Between Microstructure and Na Storage Behavior in Hard Carbon

Contact Info

Product

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3D Crinkled Alk‐Ti₃C₂ MXene Based Flexible Piezoresistive Sensors with Ultra‐High Sensitivity and Ultra‐Wide Pressure Range