Influence of Groves on Daylight Conditions and Visual Performance of Users of Urban Civil Infrastructures

Martínez, Agustín Castillo; Peña-García, Antonio

doi:10.3390/su132212732

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Due to the important role of the light reflected in the different elements of the room [3,4] and their role in the creation of shadows [5], lack of uniformity, influence on the illuminance levels on the working plane, performance of the visual task, etc., we find that the projected installations usually do not meet the needs they were initially designed for. This influence is similar to that of groves on street lighting [6], which results in frequent disagreements between projected and measured luminance/illuminance levels and uniformity. (3) The influence of lighting on the users of the installations goes beyond visual performance to enter complex paths intimately related to hormones, which have an impact on psychological aspects of human life and performance (mood, anxiety, health, insomnia, etc.).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

An Approach for Lighting Calculations in Indoor Mirrored Facilities Based on Virtual Twin-Spaces

Peña-García

2022

Sustainability

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The presence of walls with different reflectance in indoor facilities is a problem when designing their lighting installations. This problem becomes more serious when one or more walls are mirrors, a common situation in medical, sport, educative and many other indoor facilities. Even if some programs can work with different approaches, the results are far from exact and, in many cases, designers ignore the mirrors and work by eye, with results that are frequently excessive in terms of illuminance on the working planes, glare and energy consumption and use of materials. These deviations from the intended results are due to the direct or indirect estimation of reflectance remarkably lower than 1 in the mirrored walls. In this framework of uncertainty, this work is presented with the objective of developing an intuitive theoretical model based on the consideration of virtual twin-spaces behind the mirrors. This proposal is not just an approach, but a useful tool providing the input for any kind of calculation ranging from the lumen method, used in quick pre-dimensioning, to the most complete calculations with computational methods. In addition, apart from calculating the number of luminaires and photometric parameters, the use of virtual twin-rooms also takes into account the extended field of vision of the users, including objects behind, and virtual luminaries. This advantage has no precedent in the literature up to date.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

An Approach for Lighting Calculations in Indoor Mirrored Facilities Based on Virtual Twin-Spaces

Peña-García

2022

Sustainability

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“…However, the aforementioned standards do not give designers many opportunities to influence these requirements: while the criteria for motorized roads (class M) include the "navigational task difficulty" criterion (albeit with limited impact on the lighting class which generally pertains to driving rather than walking), the criteria for pedestrian and low-speed areas (class P, which is applicable in such situations) are not applicable in this specific case [19]. The same happens with the coexistence of public lighting and groves in urban environments [20][21][22], and also with different kinds of traffic signals [23,24]. Both are systematically ignored by rulemaking bodies and, rather frequently, by designers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Basic Process of Lighting as Key Factor in the Transition towards More Sustainable Urban Environments

Peña-García,

Castillo-Martínez,

Ernst

2024

Sustainability

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The design of lighting installations on roads and urban infrastructure has strictly followed the regulatory requirements of each country for a long time. Based on the traffic intensity, the presence of pedestrians and the nature of activities within the area, these regulations have been used to establish the luminance or illuminance levels from or on the pavement, the minimum average uniformity, the maximum glare and the minimum energy efficiency. Accurate values of these static parameters are supposed to ensure safety, security, and efficacy, and have traditionally been considered as the main targets of lighting installations. Therefore, compliance with these regulations indicates whether an installation is legal or not. Although this philosophy is operative, the reality is different due to two main issues. First, the progressive ageing of populations, mainly in North America and Europe, the changing circumstances of traffic flow and modalities and the presence of groves or socioeconomic factors, might have a strong impact on the safety, security and sustainability of cities. Secondly, the current regulations leave out perceived safety and security issues, as well as the well-being of people; that is, how people feel about the city independently of real danger. In this research, the Basic Process of Lighting (BPL) is formulated including, for the first time, the human factors involved when people develop their activities under public lighting. Using this framework, the potential factors influencing human wellbeing and feelings are summarized after being rated by people in a survey distributed among 133 participants. The results highlight a higher perceived impact of social factors compared to physical and visual ones.

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“…However, due to additional energy for illumination, outdoor agriculture prevails. Different-height districts have problems with natural illumination [49,50] and winds [51][52].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Illumination and Wind Conditions for Green and Fed Cities Using CFD Software

Tkachenko,

Mileikovskyi,

Kravchenko

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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To avoid ecological catastrophe, most cities are moving toward green building. The critical component is greening – conventional and green structures. Urban agriculture is a very prospective direction. Green roofs, terraces, and rooftop greenhouses are the most promising places for growing. This solves multiple tasks: heat loss recovery for planting (for rooftop greenhouses), additional thermal insulation, optimized logistics, increasing pollinator populations, avoiding pests, etc. In different-height districts, there are problems with natural illumination and winds. No good urban wind theory has been developed. The winds can be simulated in CFD software using a 3D model of a district. Most of the software can simulate solar radiation for thermotechnical calculations only. It should be simulated in other special software. The approach to calculating solar radiation is proposed using CFD software without additional needs. The unique "integrator" material should be added to the engineering database. Its thermotechnical properties can be set to obtain a temperature numerically equal to the exciting parameter. Application is shown in an example of a different-height building with a green roof. The results show areas most favorable for growing photophilous and shade-tolerant plants and placing cleaning and phytoncidal plants for maximum air quality in stagnation zones.

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Influence of Groves on Daylight Conditions and Visual Performance of Users of Urban Civil Infrastructures

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

An Approach for Lighting Calculations in Indoor Mirrored Facilities Based on Virtual Twin-Spaces

An Approach for Lighting Calculations in Indoor Mirrored Facilities Based on Virtual Twin-Spaces

The Basic Process of Lighting as Key Factor in the Transition towards More Sustainable Urban Environments

Simulation of Illumination and Wind Conditions for Green and Fed Cities Using CFD Software

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