Influence of growth retardants on the internode and ethylene production of sunflower plants

Sauerbrey, EIke; Großmann, Klaus; Jung, Johannes

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1987.tb08689.x

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In contrast, phosfon and NDA appeared to exert their growthinhibitory effects principally through an inhibition of cell division. NDA inhibited both shoot growth and ethylene formation in sunflower plants cultured in vitro (Sauerbrey et al 1987). NDA-induced height reduction of sunflower plants correlated positively with a reduction in the length of the first internode, and stunting was primarily due to an inhibition of cell elongation at low concentrations (Grossman et al 1982).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many growth retardants exert their influence by inhibiting cell division in the subapical zones of the shoot apex and subsequent cell enlargement, resulting in reduced stem elongation. Certain classes of growth retardants such as the triazoles, pyrimidines, quaternary ammonium compounds, and norbornenodiazetine derivatives interfere with the biosynthesis of sterols and gibberellins, thus affecting stem elongation (Sauerbrey et al 1987). ACC, whose effects are correlated with the release of ethylene, reduces stem and internodal elongation predominantly via an inhibition of cell elongation (Sauerbrey et al 1987).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Certain classes of growth retardants such as the triazoles, pyrimidines, quaternary ammonium compounds, and norbornenodiazetine derivatives interfere with the biosynthesis of sterols and gibberellins, thus affecting stem elongation (Sauerbrey et al 1987). ACC, whose effects are correlated with the release of ethylene, reduces stem and internodal elongation predominantly via an inhibition of cell elongation (Sauerbrey et al 1987). Growth retardants have numerous agricultural applications (Hicklenton 1990, Nickell 1982, Starman 1990, Zhang et al 1990.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of Chemical Growth Retardants on Growth and Development of Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) in Vitro

Jarret¹

1997

J Plant Growth Regul

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Plant growth retardants were evaluated for their ability to reduce the growth rate of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) in vitro. Nodal sections of cv. Jewel were cultured for 30 days on medium containing NDA, ancymidol, phosfon, TIBA, difenzoquat, chlormequat, ACC, mepiquat chloride, or daminozide at 0, 10 −4 , 10 −5 , 10 −6 , 10 −7 , or 10 −8 M. Difenzoquat, NDA, phosfon, and TIBA, at 10 −4 M, were lethal to axillary bud explants. A low concentration (10 −8 M) of chlorflurenol or NDA stimulated shoot elongation. The effective concentration range for most growth retardants was 10 −5 to 10 −6 M. Small (2-to 4-mm diameter) storage root-like swellings were observed on roots in cultures containing TIBA or ancymidol. The growth-inhibiting effects of ancymidol and NDA were transitory and did not persist through a 180-day culture period. Shoots cultured on medium containing 10 −5 M phosfon, TIBA, or difenzoquat were significantly shorter than control plants after a 180-day culture period. Culture on medium containing TIBA, NDA, ancymidol, or ACC resulted in abnormal leaf and stem development. Plants derived from nodal explants cultured on medium containing either phosfon or chlormequat were near normal in appearance but with some plants exhibiting interveinal chlorosis and reduced root system development.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of Chemical Growth Retardants on Growth and Development of Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) in Vitro

Jarret¹

1997

J Plant Growth Regul

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“…Determined after 12 days of incubation, c. Etiolated seedlings were treated with compound on moistened filter paper in 40 ml vials (10 plants/vial) for 48 h. Tbe vials were sealed for 5 b, ethylene measured in gas samples, and ACC and malonyl-ACC analysed in the seedlings. (Nooden and Leopold 1988), were nearly unchanged in different plants (Grossmann et al 1987, Izumi et al 1988 or reduced (Graebe 1987, Hedden 1990. Polyamines accumulated in treated cell suspension cultures and plants as further senescenee-retarding factors (Grossmann 1988, Hofstra et al 1989).…”

Section: Growth Retardants and Hormone Statusmentioning

confidence: 95%

Plant growth retardants as tools in physiological research

Großmann¹

1990

Physiol Plant

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Grossmann, K. 1990. Plant growth retardants as tools in physiological research. -Physiol. Plant. 78: 640-648.Besides being applied in agriculture and horticulture, the new types of plant growth retardants from norbornanodiazetine, triazole, pyrimidine, 4-pyridine and imidazole strueture are increasingly used in physiological researeh. As inhibitors of special eytochrome F-450 dependent monooxygenases they allow valuable insights in the regulation of terpenoid metabolism concerning phytohormones and sterols, thus showing relations to cell division, cell elongation and senescence.

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“…tetcyclacis) and triazole (e.g. LAB 150 978) type inhibited both the formation of ethylene and shoot growth of sunflower seedlings (25). Likewise, preliminary results indicated that both compounds decreased the ethylene production and cell division rate in cell suspensions of sunflower (24).…”

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Ethylene Production by Sunflower Cell Suspensions

Sauerbrey¹,

Großmann²,

Jung³

1988

Plant Physiol.

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From a variety of undifferentiated plant cell suspensions, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid-dependent cells of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. Spanners Allzweck) produced large quantities of ethylene. The maximum rate was about 1 nanomole x gram fresh weight-' x hour-' during the exponential growth phase. The action of various compounds known to interfere with ethylene formation in plant tissue was studied in sunflower cell suspensions. The influence on ethylene, 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid (ACC), and N-malonyl-ACC (MACC) Undifferentiated plant cell suspensions are able to produce ethylene depending on the kind of plant from which the cell originated but also on their physiological state (2-4, 15, 17, 21, 24). With respect to its physiological significance, data suggested no functional relationship between growth and ethylene synthesis (10,15,24). Ethylene was assumed to be a by-product of actively dividing cells. Nevertheless, undifferentiated cell suspensions should be an appropriate tool for analyzing in detail the effects of biologically active compounds on cellular ethylene biosynthesis.In particular, plant growth retardants of the norbornenodiazetine (e.g. tetcyclacis) and triazole (e.g. LAB 150 978) type inhibited both the formation of ethylene and shoot growth of sunflower seedlings (25). Likewise, preliminary results indicated that both compounds decreased the ethylene production and cell division rate in cell suspensions of sunflower (24). Although their mode of action in regulating growth processes is seen in an interaction with gibberellin and to some extent sterol biosynthesis (5,7,12,22), the question arises as to whether there is a direct effect on ethylene biosynthesis, too.In the work reported we have analyzed the levels of ethylene and ACC2 produced in undifferentiated sunflower suspension cells under the influence of the growth retardants tetcyclacis and LAB 150 978. In addition to ACC, the direct precursor of eth-' Dedicated to Professor Dr. Helmut Doerfel on the occasion of his 60th birthday. The cells, grown in culture for several years, were subcultured at intervals of 7 d in the exponential growth phase under the following conditions: 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks containing 80 ml of cell suspension were shaken on a rotary shaker at 110 rpm in the dark at 25°C. Solutions of chemical compounds used were prepared in acetone or in water (sterile-filtered) and were added to the medium shortly before inoculation. The final acetone concentration in the medium (1%) had no adverse effects on the growth of the culture.

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Influence of growth retardants on the internode and ethylene production of sunflower plants

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of Chemical Growth Retardants on Growth and Development of Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) in Vitro

Effects of Chemical Growth Retardants on Growth and Development of Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) in Vitro

Plant growth retardants as tools in physiological research

Ethylene Production by Sunflower Cell Suspensions

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