Influence of heat pumps on renewable electricity integration: Germany in a European context

Bernath, Christiane; Deac, Gerda; Sensfuß, Frank

doi:10.1016/j.esr.2019.100389

Cited by 50 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…where: The economic benefit of the introduction of these three options in the heating system for the return network water of power units with PT-80 and T-250 turbines was calculated according to operational characteristics, excluding capital costs, risks and depreciation charges [30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of using heat pumps with various refrigerants in real steam turbine power units with PT-80 and T-250 turbines

et al. 2019

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Prospects for increasing the efficiency of heat and electric energy-generation and heat-and-power supply at thermal power plants obviously draw attention to such modern and innovative technologies as heat pumps. Heat pumps allow efficient redistribution of energy flows. The abundance of low-potential heat carriers and heat sources in the cycle arrangement of the thermal power plants operation requires modernization of production and increase of the fuel heat utilization factor, therefore, reduction of specific fuel consumption for the production of heat and electricity. This paper analyzes the influence and practicability of introducing heat pumps into the heating circuit of the return water of the heat network of power units with PT-80 and T-250 turbines. Heat pumps of various configurations provide invariant energy conversion factor and efficiency. To assess energy and economic efficiency, modeling of the operation of power units and calculation of heat pump circuits for various refrigerants are performed. The economic effect is represented in quarterly cash savings of operating costs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of using heat pumps with various refrigerants in real steam turbine power units with PT-80 and T-250 turbines

et al. 2019

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“…Values for decentral heat production from heat pumps of the RESCUE GL scenarios are in the range of scenarios described in Hansen et al [33]. Compared to [18] the additional electricity demand induced by decentral heat pumps is considerably higher in the RESCUE scenarios. To examine impacts of different heat demand levels a sensitivity analysis for the heat load is conducted.…”

Section: Demandmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Hence, no statement on required optimal storage energy capacity can be given. An analysis for Germany in the European context is presented by Bernath et al [18] to investigate the role of heat pumps for renewable energy integration using the optimisation tool Enertile. The closed source model includes district as well as decentral heating systems with heat pumps.…”

Section: State Of Art and Research Questionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Decentral Heat Pump Operation on Electricity Storage Requirements in Germany

Hilpert¹

2020

Energies

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Several studies show that heat pumps need to play a major role for space heating and hot water supply in highly decarbonised energy systems. The degree of elasticity of this additional electricity demand can have a significant impact on the electricity system. This paper investigates the effect of decentral heat pump flexibilisation through thermal energy storage units on electricity storage investment. The analysis is carried using an open source model for the German electricity system based on the Open Energy Modelling Framework (oemof). Results highlight the importance of flexible heat pump operation in 100% renewable energy systems and relate well to findings of other existing studies. Flexibilisation of heat pumps in the German energy system can reduce the need for electricity storage units significantly. While no impact was found for systems with a share below 80% renewable energy, investment in short term storage units is reduced by up to 42–62% in systems with shares of more than 80% renewable energy. In contrast, the impact on long term electricity storage investment was comparatively low in all modelled scenarios. Conducted sensitivity analyses show that both findings are rather insensitive with regard to the available biomass for electricity supply as well as to changes in the heat demand covered by heat pumps. Economically flexible heat pump operation has only a minor effect on system costs. However, the indirect replacement of battery with thermal energy storage units is environmentally beneficial due a lower resource consumption of minerals.

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“…In addition, the start-up characteristics of heat pumps can affect the power grid on short time scales [29]. This can also result in need for expensive grid expansion measures [30]. Frameworks for distribution grid planning are introduced in [31,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A GIS-Based Planning Approach for Urban Power and Natural Gas Distribution Grids with Different Heat Pump Scenarios

et al. 2020

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Next to building insulation, heat pumps driven by electrical compressors (eHPs) or by gas engines (geHPs) can be used to reduce primary energy demand for heating. They come with different investment requirements, operating costs and emissions caused. In addition, they affect both the power and gas grids, which necessitates the assessment of both infrastructures regarding grid expansion planning. To calculate costs and CO2 emissions, 2000 electrical load profiles and 180 different heat demand profiles for single-family homes were simulated and heat pump models were applied. In a case study for a neighborhood energy model, the load profiles were assigned to buildings in an example town using public data on locations, building age and energetic refurbishment variants. In addition, the town’s gas distribution network and low voltage grid were modeled. Power and gas flows were simulated and costs for required grid extensions were calculated for 11% and 16% heat pump penetration. It was found that eHPs have the highest energy costs but will also have the lowest CO2 emissions by 2030 and 2050. For the investigated case, power grid investments of 11,800 euros/year are relatively low compared to gas grid connection costs of 70,400 euros/year. If eHPs and geHPs are combined, a slight reduction of overall costs is possible, but emissions would rise strongly compared to the all-electric case.

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Influence of heat pumps on renewable electricity integration: Germany in a European context

Cited by 50 publications

References 20 publications

Efficiency of using heat pumps with various refrigerants in real steam turbine power units with PT-80 and T-250 turbines

Efficiency of using heat pumps with various refrigerants in real steam turbine power units with PT-80 and T-250 turbines

Effects of Decentral Heat Pump Operation on Electricity Storage Requirements in Germany

A GIS-Based Planning Approach for Urban Power and Natural Gas Distribution Grids with Different Heat Pump Scenarios

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