Influence of high vacuum annealing treatment on some properties of carbon nanotubes

Kowalska, E.; Kowalczyk, P.J.; Radomska, J.; Czerwosz, E.; Wronka, H.; Bystrzejewski, M.

doi:10.1007/s10973-006-7585-3

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…10 −6 mbar), to recover their electronic properties [3,14]. Afterwards, the batches of MWCNT were transferred to the three beakers containing the concentrated acid solution of H 2 SO 4 or HNO 3 or HCl, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Study on Doped Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Costa

Borowiak‐Palen

2009

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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In the present study we report resonance Raman study on multiwalled carbon nanotubes treated with HCl, HNO 3 and H 2 SO 4 . Acids are commonly used in purification procedures in order to remove catalyst particles from the as-produced material. However, it is known that acid treatments in multiwalled carbon nanotubes can induce a surface functionalisation and intercalation of the walls, modifying their electronic properties. Here, we present a comparative study between samples of multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified with the most common acids used in the purification of carbon materials, and the influence of the acid treatment time on their vibronic properties. The samples were analysed via the Raman spectroscopy using the laser length of 785 nm. The presented data reveal the modification of the typical multiwalled carbon nanotubes Raman bands such as: disorder band (D band), the graphite band (G band), and the two-phonon second order Raman band (G band). The last one shows a broadening effect on its line shape and the appearance of an additional peak. All the treatments enhance the number of defects in the graphitic structure of multiwalled carbon nanotubes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Study on Doped Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Costa

Borowiak‐Palen

2009

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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“…The raw material was purified with diluted HCl (2 M) and then annealed at 600 °C in high vacuum conditions (ca. 10 −6 mbar), in order to remove the remains of acid and to eliminate the functional groups caused by the acid treatment 9. Afterwards, the pure sample of MWCNT was divided in three batches, and transferred to three beakers containing the concentrated acid solutions of H 2 SO 4 , HNO 3 or HCl, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman spectroscopy study on concentrated acid treated carbon nanotubes

Costa

Scheibe

Rümmeli

et al. 2009

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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A comparative study will be presented on the effect of strong acid treatments in both single-walled (SWCNT) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The effects were studied by Raman spectroscopy. The results show that in SWCNT the raw sample shows a broader G band, well fitted by a BreitWigner-Fano line in comparison with the acid treated sample, which can be fitted using a Lorentzian lineshape. The original shape of this feature is recovered after the annealing step. In MWCNT samples, a two-peak G 0 band profile was observed after the acid treatment, originated by an exfoliation effect.Schematic illustration of the effects of acid treatment. On SWCNT, phase I corresponds to the intercalation in the interstitial channels of the bundles, while phase II is assigned to the intercalation between the walls of neighbouring nanotubes. On MWCNT, intercalation into the walls and consequent exfoliation is represented.

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“…Depending on the technological parameter of each process, we obtain films with various weight percentage content of Ni and a various degree of structure defects. The more detailed information on the technological process can be found in works [12][13][14].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of Ni-C films obtained in PVD/CVD process

Kęczkowska

2011

Open Physics

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Abstract:The work presents the results of the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectrometry studies of carbonaceous nanostructures containing nickel nanocrystallites. The films were obtained using a twostep method. In the first phase the Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) method was applied, whereas in the second Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) method was used. The paper presents results for samples with various Ni content obtained with different parameters of the two-phase technological process. The research confirms that the thin films obtained by PVD method contain Ni nanocrystallites distributed in a carbonaceous matrix. The matrix is composed of various carbon allotropes (amorphous carbon, graphite, fullerene). The thin films made by CVD method make a matrix when multiwalled, carbonaceous nanotubes are obtained. Depending on the technological process parameters of each phase, we obtain multiwall nanotubes with a various degree of defects. PACS (

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Influence of high vacuum annealing treatment on some properties of carbon nanotubes

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

Raman Study on Doped Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Raman Study on Doped Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Raman spectroscopy study on concentrated acid treated carbon nanotubes

Characterisation of Ni-C films obtained in PVD/CVD process

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