Influence of Host Plant Resistance and Disease Pressure on Spread of Cassava Brown Streak Disease in Uganda

Katono, Kasifa; Alicai, Titus; Baguma, Yona; Edema, Richard; Bua, A.; Omongo, Christopher

doi:10.9734/ajea/2015/15563

Cited by 11 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Also noted was the high influence of environment on expression of some CBSD traits. This observation could be attributed to genotype susceptibility levels, predominant virus species in locality and/or season, and climatic factors that either influences the abundance of whitefly vectors and/or the growth rate of the crop ( Katono et al, 2015 ). The discovery of four distinct virus species ( Ndunguru et al, 2015 ), is likely to further complicate the extent of genotype by environment interaction, as CBSD symptom expression associated with specific virus species are likely to differ between environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plot based heritability estimates and categorization of cassava genotype response to cassava brown streak disease

et al. 2018

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Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) caused by Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV) and Ugandan cassava brown streak virus (UCBSV) is a threat to food security in sub-Saharan Africa, where the disease persistently reduces overall root quality and quantity resulting in up to 100% yield losses. Complexities in CBSD symptom expression and the damage caused on leaves, stems and roots throughout the 12 months of cassava growth require that appropriate ways of categorizing genotype response and optimal stages of evaluation be identified. This study aimed at: 1) determining plot based heritability of CBSD based on symptom expression and 2) categorizing genotype resistance to CBSD based on symptom expression. Herein, 41 genotypes were evaluated for two years at Namulonge with an additional evaluation conducted across three locations. Evaluations were done at three, six, nine and twelve months after planting. Genotype responses to CBSD varied significantly. High broad sense heritability estimates of up to 0.81 (incidence) and 0.71 (severity) were obtained.Average disease severity scores had higher broad sense heritability estimates (0.53 and 0.65) than maximum disease severity scores (0.33 and 0.61) for root and foliar severities respectively. These findings are important in choosing an appropriate evaluation method for CBSD. Genotypes displayed differing CBSD responses in type, locality and severity of symptoms. This suggested that genotypes had differences in mechanisms of resistance that can be exploited in CBSD resistance breeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plot based heritability estimates and categorization of cassava genotype response to cassava brown streak disease

et al. 2018

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“…The reasons behind the sudden increase in CBSD incidence and geographical range remain poorly understood. Studies have shown that CBSD spread and development are enhanced by high disease pressure, the use of susceptible genotypes and high whitefly numbers (Katono et al, 2015). CBSD is dispersed locally and over long distances through the trade transportation of infected planting material, whereas whiteflies are only able to disperse and amplify CBSD locally (McQuaid et al, 2017).…”

Section: Recent Local and Regional Cbsd Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cassava brown streak disease: historical timeline, current knowledge and future prospects

Tomlinson

Bailey

Alicai

et al. 2017

Molecular Plant Pathology

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SummaryCassava is the second most important staple food crop in terms of per capita calories consumed in Africa and holds potential for climate change adaptation. Unfortunately, productivity in East and Central Africa is severely constrained by two viral diseases: cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD). CBSD was first reported in 1936 from northeast Tanzania. For approximately 70 years, CBSD was restricted to coastal East Africa and so had a relatively low impact on food security compared with CMD. However, at the turn of the 21st century, CBSD re‐emerged further inland, in areas around Lake Victoria, and it has since spread through many East and Central African countries, causing high yield losses and jeopardizing the food security of subsistence farmers. This recent re‐emergence has attracted intense scientific interest, with studies shedding light on CBSD viral epidemiology, sequence diversity, host interactions and potential sources of resistance within the cassava genome. This review reflects on 80 years of CBSD research history (1936–2016) with a timeline of key events. We provide insights into current CBSD knowledge, management efforts and future prospects for improved understanding needed to underpin effective control and mitigation of impacts on food security.

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“…Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) methods [12] were used to estimate the epidemiological parameters from the Kamuli dataset [11]. The data from Katono et al [11] was collected at two different locations in Uganda, Wakiso (high CBSD prevalence) and Kamuli (medium CBSD prevalence). At each test site, the CBSD susceptible TME204 cassava variety was grown in 100 plant blocks in a 10 x10 square lattice with 1m between rows of plants.…”

Section: Parameter Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model is designed to compare the spread of CBSD under conditions of different whitefly densities, local disease pressures, and when different combinations of management tools are used. The model uses experimental time-course data for the spread of the virus and whitefly dynamics [11]. Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) is used to estimate the unknown parameters [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational models to improve surveillance for cassava brown streak disease and minimize yield loss

et al. 2020

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Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) is a rapidly spreading viral disease that affects a major food security crop in sub-Saharan Africa. Currently, there are several proposed management interventions to minimize loss in infected fields. Field-scale data comparing the effectiveness of these interventions individually and in combination are limited and expensive to collect. Using a stochastic epidemiological model for the spread and management of CBSD in individual fields, we simulate the effectiveness of a range of management interventions. Specifically we compare the removal of diseased plants by roguing, preferential selection of planting material, deployment of virus-free 'clean seed' and pesticide on crop yield and disease status of individual fields with varying levels of whitefly density crops under low and high disease pressure. We examine management interventions for sustainable production of planting material in clean seed systems and how to improve survey protocols to identify the presence of CBSD in a field or quantify the within-field prevalence of CBSD. We also propose guidelines for practical, actionable recommendations for the deployment of management strategies in regions of sub-Saharan Africa under different disease and whitefly pressure.

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Influence of Host Plant Resistance and Disease Pressure on Spread of Cassava Brown Streak Disease in Uganda

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Plot based heritability estimates and categorization of cassava genotype response to cassava brown streak disease

Plot based heritability estimates and categorization of cassava genotype response to cassava brown streak disease

Cassava brown streak disease: historical timeline, current knowledge and future prospects

Computational models to improve surveillance for cassava brown streak disease and minimize yield loss

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