Influence of Host Stage on Oviposition, Development, Sex Ratio, and Survival ofAnagyrus kamaliMoursi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a Parasitoid of the Hibiscus Mealybug,Maconellicoccus hirsutusGreen (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae)

Sagarra, L.A.; Vincent, Charles

doi:10.1006/bcon.1999.0696

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Para- Means within a column followed by the same lowercase letters, and means within a row followed by the same uppercase letters are not signiÞcantly different at ␣ ϭ 0.05 (least square means test). n ϭ 25. sitoids such as Anagyrus kamali Moursi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) can oviposit in Þrst instars of Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), and in most situations, the ovipositor of A. kamali remained stuck within the Þrst-instar host, precluding further foraging by the parasitoid (Sagarra and Vincent 1999). This behavior was also shown in the second instars of Planococcus citri (Risso) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), which were often impaled on the ovipositor of Anagyrus pseudococci (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) (Islam and Copland 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Instar Susceptibility and Selection and Interspecific Competition of Three Introduced Parasitoids of the MealybugParacoccus marginatus(Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Amarasekare¹,

Mannion

Epsky

2010

Environ Entomol

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Three previously introduced parasitoids (Acerophagus papayae Noyes and Schauff, Anagyrus loecki Noyes and Menezes, and Pseudleptomastix mexicana Noyes and Schauff [Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae]) of the mealybug Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) were studied for their host instar susceptibility and sex ratio, host instar selection, and interspecific competition in the laboratory. All three parasitoids were able to develop in the second instars, third-instar females, and adult females of P. marginatus. No progeny emerged from first-instar mealybugs. The proportion of female emergence was increased with increasing host size. Parasitoids selected their host instars for oviposition when they had a choice. Between second- and third-instar hosts, A. papayae and P. mexicana had significantly higher parasitism in second-instar mealybugs, whereas A. loecki had higher parasitism in the third-instar mealybugs. When competed with either one or two parasitoid species, A. papayae was significantly more successful in second-instar hosts and A. loecki was significantly more successful in third-instar mealybugs. P. mexicana was significantly less competitive when with A. papayae in both second and third instars, with A. loecki in third instars and with both A. papayae and A. loecki in second and third instars. Overall, A. papayae provided a better control of the host, when present singly or with the other two parasitoids. This information is important in evaluating the efficiency of A. papayae, A. loecki, and P. mexicana and understanding the outcome of their recovery and establishment in field studies conducted in Florida.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Instar Susceptibility and Selection and Interspecific Competition of Three Introduced Parasitoids of the MealybugParacoccus marginatus(Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Amarasekare¹,

Mannion

Epsky

2010

Environ Entomol

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“…Coccidoxenoides perminutus Girault [= C. peregrinus (Timberlake)] parasitized all developmental stages of the citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso) but showed preference for second-and third-instar nymphs (Ceballo & Walter, 2004). Solitary mealybug parasitoids parasitizing larger hosts also have a higher tendency to deposit multiple eggs within the same hosts (Sagarra & Vincent, 1999;Heng-Moss et al, 2001). Another citrus mealybug parasitoid, Leptomastix dactylopii Howard, preferred the pre-ovipositing adults and completely rejected the first-and second-instar nymphs for parasitism (de Jong & van Alphen, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gregarious A. agraensis parasitized only the third-instar and adult female Nipaecoccus vastator (Mask.) Studies on the gregarious A. agraensis (Nechols & Kikuchi, 1985) and P. flavidulus (Karamaouna & Copland, 2000a), and the solitary Aenasius vexans Kerrich (Bertschy et al, 2000), Anagyrus ananatis Gahan (González-Hernández et al, 2005;, Anagyrus kamali Moursi (Sagarra & Vincent, 1999), and Anagyrus pseudococi (Girault) (Avidov et al, 1967) (all Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) also noted a proportion of males similar to that of Anagyrus spec. The larger N. vastator also produced the largest brood and higher progeny survival rates of A. agraensis within the shortest duration of development.…”

Section: Host Stage Suitabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Host stage selection of the mealybug parasitoid Anagyrus spec. nov near sinope

Chong

Oetting

2006

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The mealybug parasitoid Anagyrus spec. nov near sinope (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is an undescribed parasitoid of the Madeira mealybug, Phenacoccus madeirensis Green (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). We investigated the preference of Anagyrus spec. nov near sinope for six developmental stadia (first-and second-instar nymphs, third-instar immature females, third-or fourth-instar immature males, pre-reproductive adult females, and ovipositing adult females) of P. madeirensis and the fitness consequences of the host stage selection behavior. In the no-choice test, Anagyrus spec. nov near sinope parasitized and completed development in all host stadia except third-instar immature males. When all host stadia were offered simultaneously, the parasitoids preferred third-instar immature and pre-reproductive adult females. Dissection of the stung mealybugs revealed that the clutch size (number of eggs per host) was approximately four and three in the third-instar and pre-reproductive females, respectively, and one egg per first-instar nymph. Parasitoids emerged from P. madeirensis parasitized at third-instar or pre-reproductive adult female completed development in the shortest duration, achieved a higher progeny survival rate, larger brood and body size, and the lowest proportion of males. We showed that the continued development of mealybugs had significant influence on the fitness of the parasitoids. Although deposited as eggs in first-or second-instar nymphs, parasitoids emerged from mummies that had attained third-instar or adult development achieved similar progeny survival rate, brood size, body size, and sex ratio as those parasitoids deposited and developed in third-instar or adult mealybugs. By delaying larval development in young mealybugs, Anagyrus spec. nov near sinope achieved higher fitness by allowing the parasitized mealybugs to grow and accumulate body size and resources. We suggest that the fitness consequence of host stage selection of a koinobiont parasitoid should be evaluated on both the time of parasitism and the time of mummification.

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“…Little has been published on the biology and behavior of this parasitoid except for Moursi (1948) and Sagarra and Vincent (1999) and Sagarra et al (2000). Our objec tives were to determine (1) the effect of storage condi tions on the survival of the parasitoid; and (2) the impact of storage on the egg load of adult female parasitoids, lifetime fecundity and oviposition period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecundity and survival of Anagyrus kamali (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) under different feeding and storage temperature conditions

Sagarra¹,

Vincent²,

Stewart³

2000

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. The parasitoid, Anagyrus kamali Moursi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), has been recently introduced into the Caribbean as a biological control agent against the hibiscus mealybug (HMB), Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Storage of A. kamali that is essential for its use in biological control did not affect the longevity of female and male parasitoids (40.3 ± 14.07 and 31.7 ± 9.57 days, respectively) when kept at 20 ± 2°C in absence of hosts and fed ad libitum with droplets of pure honey. At a storage temperature of 27 ± 2°C the longevity decreased by about 10 days. Fed females did not resorb eggs during the first two weeks of storage at 20 ± 2°. Parasitoid ovogenesis ceased when ovarioles/lateral oviducts were full. The lifetime fecundity was not significantly affected by a storage at 20 ± 2°C of up to 14 days. Foraging activities and oviposition were the main factors influencing the lifespan of female A. kamali.

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Influence of Host Stage on Oviposition, Development, Sex Ratio, and Survival ofAnagyrus kamaliMoursi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a Parasitoid of the Hibiscus Mealybug,Maconellicoccus hirsutusGreen (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae)

Cited by 33 publications

References 9 publications

Host Instar Susceptibility and Selection and Interspecific Competition of Three Introduced Parasitoids of the MealybugParacoccus marginatus(Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Host Instar Susceptibility and Selection and Interspecific Competition of Three Introduced Parasitoids of the MealybugParacoccus marginatus(Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Host stage selection of the mealybug parasitoid Anagyrus spec. nov near sinope

Fecundity and survival of Anagyrus kamali (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) under different feeding and storage temperature conditions

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