Influence of hot fuel injection on air/fuel mixture preparation and effects on Flex Fuel Engines

Brunocilla, Marcello Francisco; Lepsch, Fernando

doi:10.4271/2006-01-2619

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Fuel impingement will not occur when vapour fuel reaches the cylinder wall. Significant reduction of CO and HC emissions was also reported in the investigation of pre-heating the ethanol fuel in cold start conditions [25][26][27]29]. Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Investigation of the effect of heated ethanol fuel on combustion and emissions of an ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI + GPI) engine

Huang

Hong

2016

Energy Conversion and Management

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a b s t r a c tEthanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI + GPI) is a new technology to utilise ethanol fuel more efficiently and flexibly in spark ignition engines. One issue needs to be addressed in the development of EDI + GPI is the ethanol fuel's low vapour pressure and large latent heat which slow down the ethanol's evaporation and result in the mixture unready for combustion by the time of spark ignition and the consequent increase of CO and HC emissions. Heating the ethanol fuel to be directly injected (EDI heating) has been proposed to address this issue. This paper reports the investigation of the effect of EDI heating on the combustion and emissions of a research engine equipped with EDI + GPI. The results showed that EDI heating effectively reduced the CO and HC emissions of the engine due to the increase of evaporation rate and reduced fuel impingement and local over-cooling. The reduction of CO and HC became more significant with the increase of ethanol ratio. When the temperature of the ethanol fuel was increased by 40°C, the CO and HC were reduced by as much as 43% and 51% respectively in EDI only condition at the original spark timing of 15 CAD BTDC, and 15% and 47% respectively at the minimum spark advance for best torque (MBT) timing of 19 CAD BTDC. On the other hand, the NO emission was slightly increased, but still much smaller than that in GPI only condition due to the strong cooling effect and low combustion temperature of EDI. The IMEP and combustion speed were slightly reduced by EDI heating due to the decrease of injector fuel flow rate and spray collapse of flash-boiling. The largest decrease of IMEP was 5% at the original spark timing and 3% at the MBT timing. Moreover, at the MBT timing, the IMEP increased continuously with the increase of ethanol ratio in the entire range from 0% to 100%. This indicated that the decrease of IMEP in high ethanol ratio conditions at the original spark timing could be avoided by adjusting the spark timing. Therefore EDI heating is effective to address the issues of ethanol's low evaporation rate in low temperature engine environment and over-cooling effect at high ethanol ratio condition in the development of EDI + GPI engine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Investigation of the effect of heated ethanol fuel on combustion and emissions of an ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI + GPI) engine

Huang

Hong

2016

Energy Conversion and Management

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“…The CSS is developed further with an integrated heater and multi‐hole fuel injection system to reduce the fuel injection timing and start period 203 . Also, the NMHC, HC, and CO emissions are reduced with this fuel heating system drastically 204,205 . Whereas, the problem of overheating with electrical heating is minimized with electronic cold start technology using the PTC thermistor with calibration of power required for heating based on fuel temperature 206 .…”

Section: Challenges Associated With Ethanol As a Fuel In Flex‐fuel En...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…203 Also, the NMHC, HC, and CO emissions are reduced with this fuel heating system drastically. 204,205 Whereas, the problem of overheating with electrical heating is minimized with electronic cold start technology using the PTC thermistor with calibration of power required for heating based on fuel temperature. 206 Afterward, CSS is improved by the inclusion of the intake air and ethanol heating system with a control unit.…”

Section: Cold Start Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical review on recent progress of ethanol fuelled flex‐fuel engine characteristics

Azhaganathan

Ashok

2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Ethanol‐powered spark ignition (SI) engines have the potential to mitigate the twin crisis of fossil fuel depletion and exhaust emissions. However, the successful promotion of ethanol is hindered due to the restriction of fuel blend diversity and design features in the conventional SI engine. The fuel flexibility can be overcome by the use of flex‐fuel engine (FFE) technology with appropriate changes in engine design features for a wide range of ethanol blends. The understanding of FFE based on various technical aspects has greater potential in the automotive sector. Therefore, this review paper provides a holistic approach to critically analyze the various technical aspects of FFE. In this work, the application of ethanol blends on FFE output characteristics is reviewed critically considering the effects of engine operating conditions and parameters. Further, the impact of ethanol blends on material compatibility, cold starting characteristics, and unregulated emissions are analyzed. The outcome of the study shows that combustion and performance characteristics such as cylinder pressure(CP), heat release rate (HRR), and brake thermal efficiency (BTE) are improved in FFE operation due to the clean‐burning characteristics of ethanol blends. Also, carbon monoxide(CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions decreased without any significant improvement in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions with a wide range of ethanol shares in FFE. Finally, this study summarizes the present status of research in FFE and creates a route towards the direction of multidisciplinary research need in the future that supports the application of different types of biofuels in FFE.

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Cold start emissions of an ethanol-fuelled engine with heated intake air and fuel

Sales¹,

Sodré

2012

Fuel

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Influence of hot fuel injection on air/fuel mixture preparation and effects on Flex Fuel Engines

Cited by 10 publications

References 1 publication

Investigation of the effect of heated ethanol fuel on combustion and emissions of an ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI + GPI) engine

Investigation of the effect of heated ethanol fuel on combustion and emissions of an ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI + GPI) engine

Critical review on recent progress of ethanol fuelled flex‐fuel engine characteristics

Cold start emissions of an ethanol-fuelled engine with heated intake air and fuel

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