Influence of Hydrocortisone on the Development of Pancreas in Suckling Rats

Puccio, François; Chariot, J; Lehy, Thérèse

doi:10.1159/000242821

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Indeed, the pancreas was the only digestive organ for which we found an absolute weight augmentation in hydrocorti sone-treated rats as compared with controls. Enzymatic activities also increased [24], This assured us of the treatment efficacy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Influence of Hydrocortisone on the Development of the Gastric Mucosa in Suckling Rats

Puccio¹,

Lehy²

1988

Digestion

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The effect of a 6-day hydrocortisone administration on the development of gastric mucosa was investigated in suckling rats. Three doses of hydrocortisone (40, 20 and 5 mg/kg/day) were given during the 2nd week of life. Gastric morphometric parameters, and exocrine parietal cell and endocrine gastrin cell numbers were examined and gastrin content in antral tissue was determined. At the end of hydrocortisone treatment, parietal and chief cells were well differentiated. Their larger size was marked in comparison with controls, which likely explains in itself the significant increase in gastric mucosal height. Only the highest dose significantly increased antral gastrin content over control values. However, hydrocortisone, whatever the dose, reduced the apparent antral gastrin cell population by about 60% (p < 0.001), without noticeably modifying the numerical density of parietal cells per unit of fundic surface. It is nevertheless likely that the highest dose diminished total parietal cell number since the gastric surface decreased. These results suggest that glucocorticoids affect the development of the gastrin cell population while greatly accelerating the maturation of these cells during the suckling period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Influence of Hydrocortisone on the Development of the Gastric Mucosa in Suckling Rats

Puccio¹,

Lehy²

1988

Digestion

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“…The parenteral exposure was not able to induce GI maturational effects as compared to the enteral exposure, although the plasma-corticosterone levels were equally elevated by both treatments. In addition, the pancreatic amylase activity did not increase due to the PHA treatments (enteral or parenteral), which has previously been demonstrated to be elevated by glucocorticoids in rats in vivo and in vitro [24][25][26] . Thus, the results implied that the maturation of GI tract and pancreatic function after PHA exposure was not primarily mediated via corticosterone, but rather by a corticosterone-independent pathway.…”

Section: Possible Pathways/mechanisms Of Phamentioning

confidence: 86%

Enterally but Not Parenterally Administered <i>Phaseolus vulgaris </i>Lectin Induces Growth and Precocious Maturation of the Gut in Suckling Rats

Linderoth¹,

Prykhodko²,

Pierzynowski³

et al. 2006

Neonatology

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Background: The lectin, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) has been shown to induce growth and functional maturation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in suckling rats. Objectives: To investigate the effect of the administration route, and whether enteral exposure to PHA was necessary to induce functional maturation. Methods: Fourteen-day-old rats were daily administered PHA via orogastric feeding (0.05 mg PHA/g BW) or via subcutaneous injection (0.05 or 0.005 mg PHA/g BW) for 3 days, while the controls received saline orogastrically. At 17 days of age, organ weight, intestinal and pancreatic function, and plasma corticosterone levels were analyzed. Moreover, 14-days old pups receiving a single dose of PHA, enterally or parenterally, were sacrificed after 12 h and examined for organ PHA binding using immunohistochemistry. Results: Enteral PHA exposure resulted in PHA binding in the epithelial lining of the small intestine, increased gastrointestinal growth, reduced intestinal macromolecular absorption, altered the disaccharidase expression towards an adult-like pattern, and increased the pancreatic protein and trypsin contents. In contrast, parenteral PHA exposure (high dose) resulted in PHA-binding in extra-intestinal organs, increased liver and spleen weight, and decreased thymus weight. Moreover, the intestinal maltase activity increased moderately, and the transfer of BSA to blood plasma was partially reduced. Both PHA treatments led to elevated plasma corticosterone levels. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that enteral exposure to PHA was necessary to induce the precocious maturation of the GI tract and the pancreas, while parenteral administration affects the extra-intestinal organs. Furthermore, the enteral effects were probably not mediated via a corticosteroid dependent pathway.

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“…A reduction in net fluid intake as well as nutritional supply secondary to aphagia is likely to play a direct role in the death of D1r Ϫ/Ϫ ;D2r ϩ/Ϫ (and probably also DKO) mice, because they will not develop GI ulcerations as long as they are fed hydrated food. Nutritional deficiency secondary to hypophagia during early postnatal development might partly contribute to the intestinal atrophy (55)(56)(57)(58).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous absence of dopamine D1 and D2 receptor-mediated signaling is lethal in mice

Kobayashi

Iaccarino

Saiardi

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Dopamine (DA) controls a wide variety of physiological functions in the central nervous system as well as in the neuroendocrine and gastrointestinal systems. DA signaling is mediated by five cloned receptors named D1-D5. Knockout mouse models for the five receptors have been generated, and, albeit impaired for some important DA-mediated functions, they are viable and can reproduce. D1 and D2 receptors are the most abundant and widely expressed DA receptors. Cooperative͞synergistic effects mediated by these receptors have been suggested, in particular, in the control of motor behaviors. To analyze the extent of such interrelationship, we have generated double D1͞D2 receptor mutants. Interestingly, in contrast to single knockouts, we found that concurrent ablation of the D1 and D2 receptors is lethal during the second or third week after birth. This dramatic phenotype is likely to be related to altered feeding behavior and dysfunction of the gastrointestinal system, especially because major anatomical changes were not identified in the brain. Similarly, in the absence of functional D1, heterozygous D2 mutants (D1r ؊/؊ ;D2r ؉/؊ ) showed severe growth retardation and did not survive their postweaning period. The analysis of motor behavior in D1r͞D2r compound mutants showed that loss of D2-mediated functions reduces motor abilities, whereas the effect of D1r ablation on locomotion strongly depends on the experimental paradigms used. These studies highlight the interrelationship between D1 and D2 receptor-mediated control of motor activity, food intake, and gastrointestinal functions, which has been elusive in the singlegene ablation studies.knockout mice ͉ motor function ͉ feeding behavior ͉ gastrointestinal system T he diverse physiological functions of dopamine (DA) are mediated by five distinct receptors, which by structural and pharmacological means have been grouped into two families: the D1-like and D2-like receptors. The D1-like family comprises the D1 and D5 receptors, whereas D2, D3, and D4 receptors form the D2-like family. Pharmacological studies have not allowed a full understanding of the specific role of each DA receptor in vivo because of the lack of ligands with absolute receptor specificity. Knockout mice for each DA receptor have now been reported (1-9), substantially increasing our knowledge of the dopaminergic system (10, 11).Among DA receptors the most widely and abundantly expressed in the central nervous system are the D1 and D2 receptors, whereas D3, D4, and D5 have lower abundance and a very restricted localization. Mutation of the D1 gene (D1r) in mice resulted in growth retardation, failure to respond to the motor stimulant effects of addictive drugs, and poor learning performance (2,3,(12)(13)(14). Moderate growth retardation was also reported in mice lacking D2 receptors (D2r Ϫ/Ϫ ), which in addition are hypoactive, fail to experience the rewarding properties of morphine, and lose DA autoreceptor function (4, 15, 16).Importantly, neuroanatomical as well as pharmacological studies have pro...

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Influence of Hydrocortisone on the Development of Pancreas in Suckling Rats

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Influence of Hydrocortisone on the Development of the Gastric Mucosa in Suckling Rats

Influence of Hydrocortisone on the Development of the Gastric Mucosa in Suckling Rats

Enterally but Not Parenterally Administered <i>Phaseolus vulgaris </i>Lectin Induces Growth and Precocious Maturation of the Gut in Suckling Rats

Simultaneous absence of dopamine D1 and D2 receptor-mediated signaling is lethal in mice

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