Influence of hydrogen induction in a CRDI engine fuelled with water emulsified waste plastic oil blend

Studies on CRDI diesel engine performance and emissions using waste plastic oil and fly ash catalyst

“…For coal fly ash (CFA), it can be understood that the absorption at a wavelength of 2920.23 cm −1 is characteristic of stretching OH trigonal. This is same as to those detected in the literature [24,25]. Which they attributed to the presence of SiO 2 which is prominently present in WPO.…”

“…The trend was observed in opposite directions when there was a further increase in the fuel blend ratio from 20% to 30%. Therefore, based on analysis, the optimum BTE was found to be for the tested fuel blending proportion of 20%, which is also regarded the maximum performance point [9,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Furthermore, the WPO viscosity is higher, which affects fuel atomization process and vaporisation, leading to inadequate fuel spray generation and insufficient combustion within the engine cylinder.…”