Influence of hydrolysis degradation of silane coupling agents on mechanical performance of CAD/CAM resin composites: &lt;i&gt;In silico&lt;/i&gt; multi-scale analysis

Lee, Chunwoo; Kashima, Kana; Ichikawa, Akiko; Imazato, Satoshi

doi:10.4012/dmj.2019-223

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The actual degree of conversion of the bonding agent between the filler and matrix is less than the ideal condition [30]. When the silane coupling ratios of the filler decrease, the maximum MPS value distribution moves to the matrix/filler interface where the silane coupling layer is located [31]. Within the limitation of the in silico static multiscale analysis used in this study, the area where the maximum MPS value was observed in the SS silica filler micro-scale model increased around the filler compared with the RC containing IS filler, suggesting that a crack in a RC containing SS filler may more easily propagate than in a RC containing IS filler.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Multi-scale analysis of the influence of filler shapes on the mechanical performance of resin composites using high resolution nano-CT images

Sakai

Abe

et al. 2021

Dental Materials

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Multi-scale analysis of the influence of filler shapes on the mechanical performance of resin composites using high resolution nano-CT images

Sakai

Abe

et al. 2021

Dental Materials

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“…The F1s peak in the XPS spectrum and the greater atomic percentage in the after-immersion group than the before-immersion group suggest that hydrolysis in the silane coupling layer occurred during water immersion. Although it has been reported that XPS analysis can be used to qualitatively assess the target atom [40][41][42], in the case of CAD/CAM resin composites, hydroxyl groups develop on the silane coupling layer as well as on the surface of the fillers. Therefore, assessing the absolute amount of the hydrolyzed silane coupling layer is impractical.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative evaluation of the degradation amount of the silane coupling layer of CAD/CAM resin composites by water absorption

Lee

Imazato

2023

J Prosthodont Res

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Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/ CAM) systems have been widely used in dentistry [1][2][3] since the first dental CAD/CAM restoration was reported in the 1980s [4,5]. CAD/ CAM resin composites consist of a matrix resin and inorganic fillers treated with a silane coupling agent [6][7][8]. The matrix resin forms the basis of the composite structure and is composed of organized methacrylate-derived polymers, such as urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate, or triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) [7]. Inorganic fillers, which are commonly made of silica, zirconia, and alumina, can be used to reinforce the composite structure because of their excellent mechanical properties [9][10][11]. For CAD/CAM resin composites, 0.1 μm or smaller nanofillers composed of chemically stable inorganic materials are often used to improve the mechanical properties and provide polishabil-ity to create a smooth surface [12][13][14][15][16]. Because inorganic fillers are chemically stable, surface modification using silane coupling agents is required to adhere the fillers to the organic matrix resin [17][18][19]. γ-Methacryloyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (γ-MPTS) is a typical silane coupling agent, and it forms a 1.9-3.0-nm-thick layer between fillers and the matrix resin [20,21].Water ingress leads to hydrolytic breakdown of the bonds between the silane and filler particles [22,23]. This water-induced degradation negatively affects the restoration longevity and mechanical properties [6,[22][23][24][25]. While degradation of silane coupling layers has been qualitatively reported, the quantitative details have not been revealed because arbitrary control of the silane coupling ratio of the filler is not possible with conventional in vitro tests.Rigorous mathematical theories of homogenization have been proposed for quantitative analysis of composite materials [26][27][28]. These theories assume that the material properties are periodic functions of the micro-scale variables, where the period is very small compared with the macro-scale variables. With this assumption, the equivalent macro-scale material properties can be calculated from known or arbitrary micro-scale properties. In dentistry, in silico homogenization analysis has been used to investigate multi-factorial J Prosthodont Res. 2021; **(**):

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“…15,16,19,20 Aging of composite resins in water results in release of filler particles from the matrix due to the hydrolytic degradation of silane coupling agent and fatigue crack propagation. [21][22][23] Grafting of hydrophobic polymer chains to the filler surface decreases water sorption at the interface and improves interface durability due to the hydrophobicity of the coupling layer. Moreover, it further stabilizes the filler-matrix interface by chemical and loose bridging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface grafting of Poly (ether ether ketone) on silica particles as novel filler for dental composites: Physico-chemical characterization

Amdjadi

TabatabaeiRad

Najafi

et al. 2023

Journal of Composite Materials

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This study aimed to describe the fabrication of a novel dental composite by surface modification of silica fillers with polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and assess surface coverage of fillers and the effect of different concentration of modified fillers on degree of conversion, flexural strength, polymerization shrinkage, water sorption and solubility, viscosity and thermal expansion of the formulated composites. In this experimental study, aminosilane derivative of PEEK was synthesized and grafted to the silica filler surface, then evaluated using a fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). Silica-PEEK fillers were then mixed with Bis-GMA/TEGDMA resin base in 10, 30, and 50 wt%. The most relevant physico-chemical properties were evaluated and compared with a control composite resin group containing conventional 3-(methacryloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (γ-MPS) modified fillers. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test. (α = 5%). The experimental composite with 30% modified fillers showed highest flexural strength and degree of conversion (DC) ( p < 0.05), and comparable polymerization shrinkage and viscosity to the control composites ( p > 0.05). After thermocycling, the composite with 30% modified fillers showed the lowest solubility and water sorption ( p < 0.05). Surface modification of silica fillers with PEEK polymer significantly increases the resistance of the filler–matrix interface to hydrolysis. The above mentioned intervention can improve mechanical properties of the composite and may be considered as a promising protocol to reduce the failure of dental composites.

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Influence of hydrolysis degradation of silane coupling agents on mechanical performance of CAD/CAM resin composites: <i>In silico</i> multi-scale analysis

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Multi-scale analysis of the influence of filler shapes on the mechanical performance of resin composites using high resolution nano-CT images

Multi-scale analysis of the influence of filler shapes on the mechanical performance of resin composites using high resolution nano-CT images

Quantitative evaluation of the degradation amount of the silane coupling layer of CAD/CAM resin composites by water absorption

Surface grafting of Poly (ether ether ketone) on silica particles as novel filler for dental composites: Physico-chemical characterization

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