Influence of Incorporated Wild <i>Solanum</i> Genomes on Potato Properties in Terms of Starch Nanostructure and Glycoalkaloid Content

Väänänen, Tiina; Ikonen, Teemu P.; Rokka, Veli-Matti; Kuronen, Pirjo; Serimaa, Ritva; Ollilainen, Velimatti

doi:10.1021/jf0501342

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In somatic hybrids, whose production does not involve meiosis for gamete production, detection of new types of molecules is a rather rare event. Mattheij et al [16] and Väänänen et al [19] reported a similar finding in S. tuberosum -S. circaeifolium and S. tuberosum -S. brevidens somatic hybrids, respectively. It is possible that the new metabolites represent new GAs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 68%

Glycoalkaloids as Biomarkers for Recognition of Cultivated, Wild, and Somatic Hybrids of Potato

Savarese

Andolfi²,

Cimmino³

et al. 2009

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Cultivated and wild potato species synthesize a wide variety of steroidal glycoalkaloids (GAs). During breeding programs, species genomes are often put together through either sexual or somatic hybridization. Therefore, the determination of the GA composition of hybrids is very important in that it may affect either human consumption, or resistance to pathogen and pests. Here, we report the results of GA analysis performed on wild Solanum bulbocastanum, haploids of cultivated potato S. tuberosum and their interspecific somatic hybrids. GAs were extracted from tubers and analyzed by HPLC. HPLC Profile of S. tuberosum haploids showed, as expected, the presence of a-solanine and a-chaconine. The profile of S. bulbocastanum extract showed lack of a-solanine and a-chaconine, and the presence of four GAs. The GA pattern of the somatic hybrids was the sum of their parents profile. This represents a noteworthy tool for their unequivocal recognition. Interestingly, two hybrids produced not only GAs of both parents but also new compounds to be further investigated. This provided evidence that somatic hybridization induced the synthesis of new metabolites. The nature of the probable unidentified GAs associated to S. bulbocastanum and its somatic hybrids was ascertained by chemical degradation and spectroscopic analysis of their aglycones and sugar moieties. Our results suggest their close relation with GAs of both wild and cultivated potato species.

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mentioning

confidence: 68%

Glycoalkaloids as Biomarkers for Recognition of Cultivated, Wild, and Somatic Hybrids of Potato

Savarese

Andolfi²,

Cimmino³

et al. 2009

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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“…þ as base ion [24]. This alkaloid eluting at 8.4 min showed an aglycone ion at m/z 414.33, corresponding to a solanidane with two O-atoms, and a carbohydrate moiety analogous to that described for dehydrodemissine.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Secondary Metabolite Profile in Induced Tetraploids of Wild Solanum commersoniiDun.

Caruso

Lepore

Tommasi

et al. 2011

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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The main aim of this work was to study the leaf secondary metabolite profiles of artificially induced tetraploids (2n=4x=48) of Solanum commersonii, a diploid (2n=2x=24) wild potato species. The tetraploid genotypes of S. commersonii were produced by oryzalin treatment. Both HPLC-UV and LC/MS analyses revealed that there were no qualitative differences in the metabolite profiles between the diploid S. commersonii and its tetraploids. By contrast, the results showed that the phenylpropanoid content was generally significantly higher in the tetraploids than in the diploid S. commersonii. Concerning the glycoalkaloids (GAs), the results provided evidence that the content of minor GAs (solanidenediol triose, solanidadienol lycotetraose, and solanidenol lycotetraose) was higher in tetraploids than in the diploid progenitor, while the content of major GAs (dehydrodemissine and dehydrocommersonine) was significantly higher in diploid S. commersonii than in its tetraploid genotypes. The results are discussed from the practical perspective of potato biodiversity enhancement.

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“…The use of wild germplasm in potato breeding is extensive and the transmission of unusual SGAs or high total SGA varies with the species used for trait introgression (Väänänen et al , 2006van Gelder and Scheffer 1991). Various studies have been done to understand the occurrence and inheritance of specific SGAs in wild species and their transmission to cultivated germplasm (Gregory et al 1980(Gregory et al , 1981.…”

Section: Genetic Manipulation Of Sgasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potato Steroidal Glycoalkaloids: Biosynthesis and Genetic Manipulation

2008

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The potato steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) are important components of plant resistance against pests and pathogens but can be toxic to humans at high levels. SGAs derive their toxicity from anticholinesterase activity affecting the central nervous system and the disruptive effects on cell membrane integrity affecting the digestive system and other organs. Accordingly, current safety regulations limit their content in the edible tuber to 20 mg per 100 g fresh weight. SGA composition and level are genetically determined, with unfavourable growth conditions and inappropriate postharvest management inducing the accumulation of SGAs at levels in the tubers of "safe" cultivars beyond the maximum level set by the industry. Hence, genetic alteration of potato to prevent toxic levels of SGAs in tubers is highly desirable. At the same time, maintaining high SGA levels in other plant organs will contribute to plant resistance against pathogen and pest attacks. To this end, SGA biosynthesis and degradation should be manipulated precisely to exploit tissue-specific expression rather than whole-plant suppression of SGA production, to produce potato cultivars with SGA content enriched in the foliage but diminished in the edible tubers. Only a few details are known about the SGA biosynthetic pathway, its genes and intermediates. Research on factors that regulate SGA biosynthesis and catabolism as well as searches for genetic markers linked to total and specific SGA levels have only recently been pursued. The present review summarizes current data on these issues to encourage further discussion on SGA manipulation for safer food products.

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Influence of Incorporated Wild Solanum Genomes on Potato Properties in Terms of Starch Nanostructure and Glycoalkaloid Content

Cited by 33 publications

References 32 publications

Glycoalkaloids as Biomarkers for Recognition of Cultivated, Wild, and Somatic Hybrids of Potato

Glycoalkaloids as Biomarkers for Recognition of Cultivated, Wild, and Somatic Hybrids of Potato

Secondary Metabolite Profile in Induced Tetraploids of Wild Solanum commersoniiDun.

Potato Steroidal Glycoalkaloids: Biosynthesis and Genetic Manipulation

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