Influence of Inhalation Anaesthetics on the Autonomic Nervous System

Göthert, M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-68713-6_12

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…This is an important point since studies performed in anesthetized animals typically used supraphysiological concentrations of hormones (and other drugs), moreover, anesthetics have a significant influence on cellular metabolism and sensitivity to the action of hormones (Wasserman 2009 ). Additionally, many anesthetics produce significant autonomic depression, which could compromise blood sugar levels as this is controlled by the autonomic nervous system (Göther 1982 ; Pearse 2002 ; Holscher et al. 2008 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it is known that a pretreatment with cholinergic receptors antagonist as well as bilateral vagotomy in anesthetized animals is able to block the hypoglycemia induced by insulin infusion within the CNS (Szabo and Szabo 1972 , 1975 ). What still remains to be determined is how physiological doses of insulin acting on the CNS modulate the HVGC via autonomic nervous system in nonanesthetized animals, since anesthetic exert a great influence on sympathetic and parasympathetic balance (Göther 1982 ; Pearse 2002 ; Holscher et al. 2008 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve activity and hepatic venous glucose are differentially regulated by the central actions of insulin in Wistar and SHR

2015

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Glucose is the most important energy substrate for the maintenance of tissues function. The liver plays an essential role in the control of glucose production, since it is able to synthesize, store, and release glucose into the circulation under different situations. Hormones like insulin and catecholamines influence hepatic glucose production (HGP), but little is known about the role of the central actions of physiological doses of insulin in modulating HGP via the autonomic nervous system in nonanesthetized rats especially in SHR where we see a high degree of insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction. Wistar and SHR received ICV injection of insulin (100 nU/μL) and hepatic venous glucose concentration (HVGC) was monitored for 30 min, as an indirect measure of HGP. At 10 min after insulin injection, HVGC decreased by 27% in Wistar rats, with a negligible change (3%) in SHR. Pretreatment with atropine totally blocked the reduction in HVGC, while pretreatment with propranolol and phentolamine induced a decrease of 8% in HVGC after ICV insulin injection in Wistar. Intracarotid infusion of insulin caused a significant increase in subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve (SVN) activity in Wistar (12 ± 2%), with negligible effects on the lumbar splanchnic sympathetic nerve (LSSN) activity (−6 ± 3%). No change was observed in SVN (−2 ± 2%) and LSSN activities (2 ± 3%) in SHR after ICA insulin infusion. Taken together, these results show, in nonanesthetized animals, the importance of the parasympathetic nervous system in controlling HVGC, and subdiaphragmatic nerve activity following central administration of insulin; a mechanism that is impaired in the SHR.

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