Influence of inoculation methods and the amount of an added inoculant on the mechanical properties of ductile iron

Avdušinović, Hasan; Gigović-Gekić, Almaida; ..., Diana Ćubela

doi:10.17222/mit.2014.248

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 1 publication

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“…According to the famous classification by Sims and Dahle, three different classes exist, which have been complemented by Fredriksson and Hillert with a fourth class. These classes or types are defined as follows: type I inclusions are globular in shape and randomly dispersed with a great variation in size; elongated, thin sheets, or rods at grain boundaries are classified as type II inclusions; faceted, angular inclusions are denoted to be type III, and type IV inclusions exhibit a lamellar shape …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic, In Situ Generated Interfaces Between Carbon‐Bonded Alumina Filters and Steel During Spark Plasma Sintering/Field‐Assisted Sintering

et al. 2013

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The aim of this study was to analyze possible reactions taking place during filtration of steel melts. The heterogeneous reactions and interface creation during short-time contact of liquid steel and newly developed carbon bonded alumina ceramic filter (Al 2 O 3 -C) were examined. The samples were produced using spark plasma sintering (SPS) to assure the absence of liquid convection. The production of the samples included very high heating rates of up to 1000 K min À1 , short holding times just above liquidus temperature and a rapid cooling. The focus of the research was put on the inorganic inclusions (endogenous as well as exogenous), agglomerates, and phase formation. Exogenous inclusions (Al 2 O 3 ) were added to the steel grade 42CrMo4 by a ball milling process. The results indicate the formation of MnS inclusions due to the high sulfur content in the used steel. The formation took place at the interfaces between steel and ceramic and at the grain boundaries within the steel. Penetration of the porous ceramic body by the steel was identified. Exogenous Al 2 O 3 inclusions were found to agglomerate, adhere at the steel/Al 2 O 3 -C interfaces and tended to float on top of the melt.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic, In Situ Generated Interfaces Between Carbon‐Bonded Alumina Filters and Steel During Spark Plasma Sintering/Field‐Assisted Sintering

et al. 2013

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Effect of La–O–S complex inoculant on microstructure and mechanical characteristics of ductile iron

Feng

Sun

et al. 2022

J Mater Sci

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Life cycle assessment of the casting process with the addition of niobium from scrap

da Silva,

Ferreira,

Kelm

et al. 2023

SN Appl. Sci.

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Sustainability has become increasingly important, given the scenario of environmental degradation, and the industrial sector is significantly responsible for this adverse scenario. An important manufacturing process is casting, but it consumes many natural resources and generates waste, emitting pollutants and consuming much water and electricity. Thus, this work investigated the environmental impacts through life cycle assessment (LCA) arising from the gray cast iron casting process by adding niobium from scrap. Niobium improves molten material’s structure and mechanical properties, and it has been obtained from a company that separates it with a ballistic magnetic separator. A production model of 800 ingots was devised, using recycled material from a supplier and reused material from the factory itself, such as recycled sand. The processes using recycled materials resulted in lower impacts than those using new materials. Sand recycling and sand mold preparation stages have significant impact due to the presence of binders, typically used in sand molds, and transportation by vehicles powered by fossil fuels. Abiotic depletion indicates the need to transition to renewable energy sources and sustainable materials, such as developing clean energy infrastructure. Regarding global warming, there were high values for all stages of the casting process, with the highest value in the sand recycling stage. To prevent eutrophication, proper waste management should be implemented, such as cleaner technologies in the smelter implementing efficient effluent treatment systems. Concerning freshwater ecotoxicity, the effluents generated should be treated to reduce the concentration of pollutants before being discarded in the aquatic environment.

show abstract

Influence of inoculation methods and the amount of an added inoculant on the mechanical properties of ductile iron

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Dynamic, In Situ Generated Interfaces Between Carbon‐Bonded Alumina Filters and Steel During Spark Plasma Sintering/Field‐Assisted Sintering

Dynamic, In Situ Generated Interfaces Between Carbon‐Bonded Alumina Filters and Steel During Spark Plasma Sintering/Field‐Assisted Sintering

Effect of La–O–S complex inoculant on microstructure and mechanical characteristics of ductile iron

Life cycle assessment of the casting process with the addition of niobium from scrap

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