Influence of inoculation route on the carrier state of Salmonella choleraesuis in swine

Gray, Jeffrey T.; Fedorka–Cray, Paula J.; Stabel, Thomas J.; Ackermann, Mark R.

doi:10.1016/0378-1135(95)00060-n

Cited by 88 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The complete ELISA allowed us to potentially detect all prevalent serovars isolated on French pig farms belonging to the B, E1, C1, or C2 groups, because it was based on the somatic antigens (O : 1,3,5,6,7,8,9,10,12). In comparison, theoretically 95% of Salmonella serovars occurring in Danish pigs are detectable with the mix-ELISA based on S. Typhimurium (O : 1, 4, 5, 12) and Choleraesuis antigens (O : 6, 7) developed by Nielsen et al [14] in Denmark [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It may be automated and used for the rapid screening of high numbers of pig herds. It has already been largely used for monitoring in Denmark, Germany and the USA where serum or muscle fluid have been tested [6,16,18]. In a preliminary study, an indirect ELISA based on purified lipopolysaccharide antigens from S. Typhimurium only, was compared to the bacteriological method [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a complete ELISA using Salmonella lipopolysaccharides of various serogroups allowing to detect all infected pigs

Proux¹,

Houdayer²,

Humbert³

et al. 2000

Vet. Res.

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-Although poultry is recognized as the major source of food-poisoning caused by Salmonella, pork also contributes to human infections. This study was therefore undertaken in order to develop a reliable serological method for the evaluation of the Salmonella status of piglets. A complete ELISA was performed using lipopolysaccharides of Salmonella Typhimurium, Anatum, Hadar and Infantis because these serovars were representative of the serogroups isolated from 30 contaminated fattening farms. S. Enteritidis was also added because of its importance in human infection and to include the O : 9 antigen. This method potentially detects 100% of infected pigs. A significant correlation was found between this serological method and the bacteriological data from mesenteric lymph nodes (p = 0.01). In addition, both sensitivity and specificity were high (97% and 94% respectively). The ELISA test was therefore used in a cross-sectional study on 4 farms to evaluate when pigs became contaminated: seropositive pigs were only found for the 20 week old finishing pigs. The antibody response to Salmonella in piglets was also investigated: maternal antibodies persisted until 7 weeks of age and post-Salmonella contamination seroconversion was detected from 8 weeks of age onwards.ELISA / Salmonella / pig / epidemiology Résumé -Mise au point d'une méthode ELISA complète basée sur des lipopolysaccharides de plusieurs sérogroupes permettant de détecter tous les porcs infectés par des salmonelles. Bien que la volaille soit la principale source d'intoxication alimentaire par les salmonelles, le porc contribue aussi à la contamination humaine. Cette étude a été menée pour mettre au point une technique sérologique permettant d'évaluer le statut infectieux des porcelets vis-à-vis des salmonelles. Une technique ELISA dite complète a été élaborée avec des lipopolysaccharides de Salmonella Typhimurium, Anatum, Hadar et Infantis, sérovars représentatifs des sérogroupes isolés dans 30 élevages engraisseurs contaminés. S. Enteritidis a été ajoutée en raison de son importance dans les infections humaines et afin d'inclure l'antigène O : 9. Cette méthode permet de dépister potentiellement 100 % Vet. Res. 31 (2000) [481][482][483][484][485][486][487][488][489][490] 481

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a complete ELISA using Salmonella lipopolysaccharides of various serogroups allowing to detect all infected pigs

Proux¹,

Houdayer²,

Humbert³

et al. 2000

Vet. Res.

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“…These results are in agreement with those of Rostagno et al (2011), who reported high concentrations (4 to 5 log 10 cfu/g) of Salmonella in the feces of infected pigs (14 to 15 weeks of age) from 48 h until week 4, followed by a marked reduction in weeks 5 and 6. Several studies have demonstrated that the duration and concentration of bacteria shedding are largely influenced by the infection dose and species (Gray et al, 1995;Volf et al, 2012). The result of bacteriological examination shows that, the control group also shedding Salmonella along the whole experimental period even they were not challenged.…”

Section: Monitoring Behavior In Experimentally Infected Pigmentioning

confidence: 98%

Monitoring of behavior using a video-recording system for recognition of Salmonella infection in experimentally infected growing pigs

Ahmed¹,

Mun²,

Yoe³

et al. 2015

Animal

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Behavior is one of the most commonly used indicators of illness; however, few studies have investigated how different common diseases affect animal behavior. This experiment was conducted to investigate behavioral and clinical alterations in growing pigs experimentally infected with Salmonella spp. during a 4-week post-infection period. A total of 48 growing pigs were divided into one of the three treatment groups (1) control, (2) infection with Salmonella Typhimurium or (3) infection with Salmonella Enteritidis. Individual pigs’ behavior was recorded daily (0900 to 1100 and 1600 to 1800 h) using a video-recording system. Pigs in both infected groups had lower weight gain and feed intake during week 0 to 2 and 0 to 4 experimental period. Bacteriological data revealed that pigs in both infected groups persistently shed bacteria throughout the period of study. Oral infection of growing pigs with S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis significantly reduced the frequency of morning large (except week 1) and small movement throughout the study period. In the evening, significantly lowest frequency of movements were observed in the S. Enteritidis-infected group compared with the control. The standing and sitting frequency were significantly lower in both infected groups only at the morning of week 4. Infection with Salmonella spp. led to a significant reduction in the frequency and duration of morning eating and drinking throughout the experimental period, with the exception of 4th week drinking duration. The lowest frequency of evening eating during week 1 and 4 was recorded in both infected groups; whereas, the duration differed only at week 1. The evening drinking frequency only tended to decrease in response to S. Typhimurium infection at week 1. This study shows that, pigs infected with Salmonella spp. had poor performance, shedding high levels of Salmonella with their feces and reduced feeding and drinking activity, which are adaptive responses to infection and may help caretakers to detect ill health.

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“…Animals infected with such serotypes frequently become clinically asymptomatic carriers. These infected animals, the so-called ' symptomless excreters ', constitute a reservoir and represent a health hazard since they contaminate their environment and increase the number of infected individuals [12][13][14]. Clearly the degree of host adaptation of Salmonella serotypes can vary widely.…”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…faecal-nasal) and the primary site of infection may be represented by non-intestinal tissues such as the tonsil and the lung as hypothesized in case of Choleraesuis infection [13].…”

Section: Site Of In Asionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host adapted serotypes of Salmonella enterica

et al. 2000

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Salmonella constitutes a genus of zoonotic bacteria of worldwide economic and health importance. The current view of salmonella taxonomy assigns the members of this genus to two species: S. enterica and S. bongori. S. enterica itself is divided into six subspecies, enterica, salamae, arizonae, diarizonae, indica, and houtenae, also known as subspecies I, II, IIIa, IIIb, IV, and VI, respectively [1]. Members of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica are mainly associated with warm-blooded vertebrates and are usually transmitted by ingestion of food or water contaminated by infected faeces. The pathogenicity of most of the distinct serotypes remains undefined, and even within the most common serotypes, many questions remain to be answered regarding the interactions between the organism and the infected host.Salmonellosis manifests itself in three major forms: enteritis, septicaemia, and abortion, each of which may be present singly or in combination, depending on both the serotype and the host involved. Although currently over 2300 serovars of Salmonella are recognized, only about 50 serotypes are isolated in any significant numbers as human or animal pathogens [2, 3] and they all belong to subspecies enterica. Of these, most cause acute gastroenteritis characterized by a short incubation period and a severe systemic disease in man or animals, characterized by septicaemia, fever and/or abortion, and such serotypes are often associated with one or few host species [4–6].It is the intention of this review to present a summary of current knowledge of these host-adapted serotypes of S. enterica. The taxonomic relationships between the serotypes will be discussed together with a comparison of the pathology and pathogenesis of the disease that they cause in their natural host(s). Since much of our knowledge on salmonellosis is based on the results of work on Typhimurium, this serotype will often be used as the baseline in discussion. It is hoped that an appreciation of the differences that exist in the way these serotypes interact with the host will lead to a greater understanding of the complex host–parasite relationship that characterizes salmonella infections.

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Influence of inoculation route on the carrier state of Salmonella choleraesuis in swine

Cited by 88 publications

References 14 publications

Development of a complete ELISA using Salmonella lipopolysaccharides of various serogroups allowing to detect all infected pigs

Development of a complete ELISA using Salmonella lipopolysaccharides of various serogroups allowing to detect all infected pigs

Monitoring of behavior using a video-recording system for recognition of Salmonella infection in experimentally infected growing pigs

Host adapted serotypes of Salmonella enterica

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