Influence of inorganic fillers on PLA crystallinity and thermal properties

Vidović, Elvira; Faraguna, Fabio; Jukić, Ante

doi:10.1007/s10973-016-5750-x

Cited by 45 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The crystallinity was calculated from the melting enthalpy of the second heating cycle including the mass fraction of the filler as described in ref. . For all compounds the integration limits were set to 95 and 160 °C to obtain comparable results.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shrinkage and Warpage Optimization of Expanded‐Perlite‐Filled Polypropylene Composites in Extrusion‐Based Additive Manufacturing

Spoerk

Sapkota

Weingrill

et al. 2017

Macro Materials & Eng

132

144

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A major challenge in extrusion‐based additive manufacturing is the lack of commercially available materials compared to those in well‐established processes like injection molding or extrusion. This study aims at expanding the material database by evaluating the feasibility of polypropylene, which is one of the most common and technologically relevant semicrystalline polymers. Expanded‐perlite‐filled polypropylene and ternary blends with amorphous polyolefins are evaluated to establish an understanding of their processability and their printability. A detailed study on the shrinkage behavior, as well as on the thermal, mechanical, morphological, and warpage properties is performed. It is found that smaller sized fillers result in a tremendous warpage and shrinkage reduction and concurrently improved mechanical properties than compounds filled with bigger sized fillers. Based on the optimal properties profile, a ternary blend that can overcome the shrinkage and warpage of printed parts is suggested.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shrinkage and Warpage Optimization of Expanded‐Perlite‐Filled Polypropylene Composites in Extrusion‐Based Additive Manufacturing

Spoerk

Sapkota

Weingrill

et al. 2017

Macro Materials & Eng

132

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The heat of fusion of a fully crystalline PP was taken as 207 J g −1 and the crystallinity was calculated with respect to the mass fraction of the filler as described in Ref. [ ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of mechanical properties of glass‐spheres‐filled polypropylene composites for extrusion‐based additive manufacturing

et al. 2017

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Polypropylene (PP) parts produced by extrusion‐based additive manufacturing (EB‐AM) suffer from warpage issues due to their high degree of crystallinity and orientations introduced during printing. These issues can be overcome by the addition of spherical fillers. However, the low aspect ratio of the filler and high filling degrees necessary for preventing warpage downgrade the mechanical properties, especially the toughness. This study aims at optimizing a PP‐compound containing spherical glass microspheres for the application in EB‐AM by maximizing the matrix–filler compatibility and therefore the printability, tensile properties and toughness, while still counteracting dimensional inaccuracies. A detailed study on the tensile, fracture, thermal, rheological, and impact properties of various compounds containing different glass types was conducted. It was shown that for EB‐AM applications, PP compounds based on borosilicate glass spheres outperform compounds filled with the conventionally used inorganic soda lime glass. The proposed optimized composite exhibits an exceptional interfacial adhesion between the microspheres and the matrix and a homogeneous filler distribution. It offers an improved processability and tensile properties up to the yield point comparable to those of neat PP. In a concluding impact test on printed composites, the optimized system exhibited impact energies 80% higher than compounds containing the conventionally used glass. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:638–651, 2019. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…For calculating the degree of crystallinity, the mass fraction of the filler was incorporated into the calculation, as described in ref. [36] and the heat of fusion of a fully crystalline PP was taken as 207 J g −1 . [37]…”

Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Polypropylene Filled With Glass Spheres in Extrusion‐Based Additive Manufacturing: Effect of Filler Size and Printing Chamber Temperature

Spoerk

Arbeiter

Raguž

et al. 2018

Macro Materials & Eng

116

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A challenge in extrusion‐based additive manufacturing of polypropylene (PP) filled with spherical particles is the combination of decent processability, excellent warpage control, and the retention of the tensile strength of neat PP. This study addresses this issue by adopting two approaches. Firstly, different size fractions of borosilicate glass spheres incorporated into PP are compared. Secondly, the temperature of the printing chamber (TCh) is varied. The effects of these features on the thermal, crystalline, morphological, tensile, impact, and warpage properties of 3D‐printed parts are examined. Smaller glass spheres (<12 µm) are found to be superior to larger fractions in all investigated aspects. Notably, the corresponding composites show higher tensile strengths than neat PP. An increase in TCh results in a more homogeneous temperature distribution within the printing chamber and promotes annealing during printing. Consequently, the dimensional accuracy of printed parts is improved. Additionally, β‐crystals and larger spherulites are formed at a higher TCh.

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Influence of inorganic fillers on PLA crystallinity and thermal properties

Cited by 45 publications

References 52 publications

Shrinkage and Warpage Optimization of Expanded‐Perlite‐Filled Polypropylene Composites in Extrusion‐Based Additive Manufacturing

Shrinkage and Warpage Optimization of Expanded‐Perlite‐Filled Polypropylene Composites in Extrusion‐Based Additive Manufacturing

Optimization of mechanical properties of glass‐spheres‐filled polypropylene composites for extrusion‐based additive manufacturing

Polypropylene Filled With Glass Spheres in Extrusion‐Based Additive Manufacturing: Effect of Filler Size and Printing Chamber Temperature

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