Influence of intra- and interspecific competition on periphyton biomass and growth performance of <i>Holothuria scabra</i> juveniles

Gorospe, Jay R; Juinio‐Meñez, Marie Antonette; Southgate, Paul C.

doi:10.5343/bms.2020.0048

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This situation could have been further exacerbated by the high number of competitors that recruited to the hapas , thereby increasing intra‐ and interspecific competition for food. S. striatus , for example, have been shown to consume up to ∼17.49 mg individual −1 day −1 (dry weight) of periphyton compared to ∼4.92 mg individual −1 day −1 (dry weight) of periphyton consumed by H. scabra juveniles (Gorospe et al., 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Post-settled sandfish juveniles are generally grazers and feed primarily on periphytic assemblages that develop on the inside surfaces of the hapa nets. These periphyton assemblages served as primary food source for sandfish juveniles throughout the 30-60-day ocean nursery culture period (Gorospe et al, 2020(Gorospe et al, , 2021Sinsona & Juinio-Meñez, 2019;Altamirano et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the ocean nursery culture period, hapa nets also attract the recruitment of several species of opisthobranchs, crustaceans and fishes possibly due to high food availability and refugia provided by the net enclosures. Although recruitment and impact of the opisthobranch Stylocheilus striatus within hapa nets used for the culture of sandfish juveniles have been previously reported (Gorospe et al., 2021), the diversity of animals recruiting into hapa nets during sandfish juvenile culture is unknown, and without this knowledge, the potential impacts of predators and competitors on sandfish juveniles during this vital culture period have not previously been considered. This study was conducted as a census of potential predators and competitors of sandfish juveniles during floating hapa ocean nursery culture at two sites in the Philippines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Census of potential predators and competitors of sandfish, Holothuria scabra, juveniles during floating hapa ocean nursery culture

Gorospe

Rescordado²,

Juinio‐Meñez

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Fish & Fisheries

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Predation and competition are among the most important factors affecting sandfish, Holothuria scabra, growth and survival in ocean‐based production systems. In this study, the potential predators and competitors of sandfish juveniles reared at two sites in the Philippines using the floating hapa ocean nursery system were assessed. A total of 26 species of potential predators and competitors from 16 different families of fishes, molluscs and crustaceans were recorded. These taxa were dominated by the opisthobranch Stylocheilus striatus at Bolinao (north–west Luzon) and the isopod Cymodoce sp. at Maliwaliw (eastern Visayas). Highest number of potential predators and competitors that recruited and/or migrated to the inside of floating hapa nets was recorded on day 23 at Bolinao and day 30 at Maliwaliw, then decreased over the 69‐day duration of the study. Mean length, absolute growth rates (AGRs) and survival of sandfish juveniles reared in floating hapas at the two sites varied during the study. AGRs were highest at 1.17 ± 0.06 mm day−1 at Bolinao, and 1 ± 0.08 mm day−1 at Maliwaliw, by days 23 and 60, respectively. Mean lengths of sandfish juveniles reared at Bolinao and Maliwaliw by the end of the study were 46.7 ± 0.15 and 58.8 ± 2.4 mm, respectively, and survival at both sites was high at 96% by the end of the study. Negative correlations were observed between the number of individual predators and competitors, and survival and growth rates of sandfish juveniles reared at Bolinao and Maliwaliw, respectively. Our results highlight the importance of predator and competitor management measures and appropriate site selection to optimize growth performance and survival of sandfish juveniles reared in ocean‐based culture production systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Census of potential predators and competitors of sandfish, Holothuria scabra, juveniles during floating hapa ocean nursery culture

Gorospe

Rescordado²,

Juinio‐Meñez

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Fish & Fisheries

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“…Stocked yellowtail kingfish likely dispersed rapidly from release locations which is consistent with their pelagic life history, but there was little interaction between stocked fish and two large coastal artificial reefs. Gorospe et al (2021) showed the potential for experimental approaches to explore ecological interactions following release, particularly for relatively sessile benthic invertebrates. Translocation is a traditional management practice in certain shellfish fisheries (Spencer 2002) and has been implemented experimentally in others (Gardner et al 2015).…”

Section: Science Advances and The Development Of Enhancement Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing and integrating enhancement strategies to improve and restore fisheries

Lorenzen

Leber

Loneragan

et al. 2021

bms

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Fisheries enhancements are management approaches involving the use of aquaculture and habitat technologies (in the broadest sense) to enhance or restore fisheries. The technologies most commonly used include hatchery rearing and release of aquatic animals and provision of artificial structures such as artificial reefs. Both are associated with distinct fields of knowledge and communities of practice. Recent calls to expand and broaden the role of aquaculture and habitat enhancements in marine conservation and an increasingly integrated view of living marine resource management have led to an aspirational broadening of concepts in this area. The 10th William R and Lenore Mote Symposium and 6th International Symposium on Stock Enhancement and Sea Ranching aimed to advance and integrate knowledge across enhancement technologies and practices. Substantial progress was noted in multiple technical areas such as understanding the potential and limitations for rearing organisms fit for release into the wild, and the design of artificial reefs to enhance local fish abundance. Crucial higher-level goals such as effectively enhancing or restoring fish abundance and fisheries at the stock level continue to receive insufficient attention across the enhancement sciences. Integration of enhancement strategies provides opportunities and challenges including a need to recognize, cross-discover, and engage other distinct areas of knowledge and communities of practice. A quick reference guide is provided to facilitate this process.

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Effects of Cleaning Interval, Hapa Layers and Stocking Density on Growth Performance of Sandfish Holothuria scabra Juveniles in Ocean‐Based Nursery Production Systems

Gacura,

Gorospe,

Rescordado

et al. 2024

Aquaculture Fish & Fisheries

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The mass production of release‐size H. scabra juveniles in the Philippines is primarily done in a floating hapa ocean‐based nursery systems. To optimize its production, understanding the influence of different culture conditions and their management is necessary. In this study, the effects of hapa net cleaning interval, hapa layers, and stocking density on growth and survival of sandfish juveniles reared in floating hapa (L × W × H: 1.7 m × 0.9 m × 1.2 m) nursery system were assessed in two 60‐day field studies. Results showed that the number of hapa net layers and cleaning interval had negligible effects on the growth performance of sandfish juveniles by day 30. However, sandfish juvenile survival was affected by hapa net layers with higher survival in triple‐layer mosquito net hapas (40.5 ± 0.97%) compared to double‐layer mosquito net hapas (17.8 ± 0.62%). By day 60, the growth performance of sandfish juveniles in double‐layer hapas was higher (average weight: 5.0 ± 0.97 g; AGR: 0.13 ± 0.03 g day−1) compared to that in triple‐layer mosquito hapa nets (average weight: 3.1 ± 0.23 g; AGR: 0.07 ± 0.01 g day−1). Survival of sandfish juveniles reared in double‐layer mosquito net hapas, cleaned at 5‐day intervals (85.9 ± 4.58%) was significantly lower compared to all other treatments. Conversely, initial juvenile stocking density did not significantly affect the growth performance and survival of sandfish juveniles in both rearing cycles. We therefore recommend the use of triple‐layer mosquito net hapas during the first 30‐day culture period and an initial stocking density of 1000 post‐settled sandfish juveniles to increase production output. After 30 days, when the juveniles are larger, the use of double‐layer mosquito net hapas and lower stocking density are recommended to reduce cost and enhance growth performance. Where cleaning is necessary, hapa nets may be cleaned at 10‐day intervals to improve survival. The results of this study have important implications for optimizing the production of release‐size sandfish in ocean‐based nursery systems in the Philippines.

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Influence of intra- and interspecific competition on periphyton biomass and growth performance of Holothuria scabra juveniles

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Census of potential predators and competitors of sandfish, Holothuria scabra, juveniles during floating hapa ocean nursery culture

Census of potential predators and competitors of sandfish, Holothuria scabra, juveniles during floating hapa ocean nursery culture

Developing and integrating enhancement strategies to improve and restore fisheries

Effects of Cleaning Interval, Hapa Layers and Stocking Density on Growth Performance of Sandfish Holothuria scabra Juveniles in Ocean‐Based Nursery Production Systems

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