Influence of kenaf stalk on printability and performance of 3D printed industrial tailings based geopolymer

Kong, Xiao; Dai, Li; Wang, Yitan; Qiao, De-Hao; Hou, Shaodan; Wang, Shaojie

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125787

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…it can be observed that, SRRw and SRRt of all the printed specimens were greater than 90%, and no significant effects of alkali activator dosages and mass ratio of GGBFS to FA affected on the shape retention ability, indicating the satisfactory buildability in the current experimental conditions. Meanwhile, the preferable multi-layer printing results of kenaf geopolymer has been confirmed in the authors' previous work [7], in which continuous printing of six layers specimen with length of about 200 mm was successfully completed within 2 minutes. Results shown that the heights of the six layers specimen were 70.24 mm and 69.58 mm before and after initial setting respectively, with minimal change of only 0.66 mm.…”

Section: Buildabilitysupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Among those toughening materials, bast fiber represented by kenaf is considered as a potential and renewable option [5], not only for its light, toughening and cracking resistance characteristic, but also because its participation in construction materials can reduce straw burning and protect the environment [6]. Results of our previous study [7] had confirmed the positive effect of kenaf on 3D printing performance improvement, but further research about the influence of other basic raw materials on the composite material properties is still insufficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Effect of activator dosage and mass ratio of GGBFS to FA on 3D printing performance of kenaf geopolymer

Kong,

Dai,

Chen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Kenaf geopolymer for 3D printing is a promising representative for comprehensive and intelligent utilization of industrial and agricultural wastes. Aiming at exploring the effect of raw materials’ proportion on printing performances, alkali activator dosage (10 wt.%, 15 wt.%, 20 wt.%) and mass ratio of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) to fly ash (FA) (15:85, 20:80, 25:75) were adopted as main variables in this paper. Results have shown that increasing the activator dosage and decreasing the mass ratio of GGBFS to FA can improve the flowability, and adjusting these two parameters can tailor the fluidity to a suitable range. Moreover, dry density of kenaf geopolymer was more significantly affected by alkali activator dosage compared with mineral powder ratio, and lightweight characteristic due to kenaf participation effectively improved shape retention ability of printed specimens. Besides, microstructure analysis further confirmed that with appropriate alkali activator dosage and mineral powder ratio, high level of geopolymerization reaction can be achieved to produce enough gel product for a satisfactory internal structure, which externally manifested as excellent printability and mechanical strength. Finally, formula with alkali activator dosage of 15 wt.% and GGBFS to FA mass ratio of 25:75 was recommended for satisfactory printing performance and mechanical properties.

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Section: Buildabilitysupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of activator dosage and mass ratio of GGBFS to FA on 3D printing performance of kenaf geopolymer

Kong,

Dai,

Chen

et al. 2024

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…This debonding can be attributed to suboptimal bonding formed during the fused deposition modeling (FDM) process, as well as stress concentrations originating from pre-existing voids that developed during FDM. Comparable debonding incidents have been reported in previous research on printed PLA specimens [9,45,72]. Potential contributing factors to this debonding include the presence of voids and bead shrinkage, which are consequences of the semi-crystalline characteristics of PLA [51].…”

Section: The Effects Of Pda Coating and Kenaf Fiber On Fracture Surfa...mentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Research is ongoing to optimize the production process, improve the dispersion of kenaf in the polymer matrix, and enhance the compatibility of the blend [38,44]. The production of kenaf-blended filaments requires a careful balance of processing parameters, such as temperature, extrusion speed, and blending ratio, to achieve the desired properties [38,39,45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Self-Polymerized Polydopamine Coating on Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid (PLA)–Kenaf Fiber (KF) in Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)

Hamat,

Ishak,

Salit

et al. 2023

Polymers

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This research examines the impact of self-polymerized polydopamine (PDA) coating on the mechanical properties and microstructural behavior of polylactic acid (PLA)/kenaf fiber (KF) composites in fused deposition modeling (FDM). A biodegradable FDM model of natural fiber-reinforced composite (NFRC) filaments, coated with dopamine and reinforced with 5 to 20 wt.% bast kenaf fibers, was developed for 3D printing applications. Tensile, compression, and flexural test specimens were 3D printed, and the influence of kenaf fiber content on their mechanical properties was assessed. A comprehensive characterization of the blended pellets and printed composite materials was performed, encompassing chemical, physical, and microscopic analyses. The results demonstrate that the self-polymerized polydopamine coating acted as a coupling agent, enhancing the interfacial adhesion between kenaf fibers and the PLA matrix and leading to improved mechanical properties. An increase in density and porosity was observed in the FDM specimens of the PLA–PDA–KF composites, proportional to their kenaf fiber content. The enhanced bonding between kenaf fiber particles and the PLA matrix contributed to an increase of up to 13.4% for tensile and 15.3% for flexural in the Young’s modulus of PLA–PDA–KF composites and an increase of up to 30% in compressive stress. The incorporation of polydopamine as a coupling agent in the FDM filament composite led to an improvement in tensile, compressive, and flexural stresses and strain at break, surpassing that of pure PLA, while the reinforcement provided by kenaf fibers was enhanced more by delayed crack growth, resulting in a higher strain at break. The self-polymerized polydopamine coatings exhibit remarkable mechanical properties, suggesting their potential as a sustainable material for diverse applications in FDM.

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“…As SRR rises, so does the mixture's capacity to maintain shape. Kong et al (2022) Shape retention ratio (SRR t ) for thickness (SRR w ) for width, i.e., a ratio of specimen thickness/width during measurement and specimen thickness/width when it was just extruded…”

Section: Shape Retention Abilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geopolymer 3D printing: a comprehensive review on rheological and structural performance assessment, printing process parameters, and microstructure

Barve,

Bahrami,

Shah

2023

Front. Mater.

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Geopolymers are under scrutiny as a sustainable alternative to cement in 3D printing for eco-friendly construction. Geopolymer 3D printing (G3DP) holds promise for green construction and advanced manufacturing. This study addresses G3DP’s rheological properties, printability, and microstructure analysis. Results indicate the pivotal role of the rheological properties in the printability, encompassing parameters like the pumpability, extrudability, and shape retention. Lower viscosity and appropriate yield stress are crucial. The structural performance of G3DP, given its inherent anisotropic nature and assessment techniques, is scrutinized. Process variables such as nozzle design and print speed and interval affect the printability, buildability, and structural properties. Research on the parameters’ optimization is necessary. Additionally, evaluation techniques for the G3DP’s rheological and structural behaviors require standardization. Understanding the G3DP’s rheology is paramount for the successful 3D printing construction. Findings offer quantitative insights into the importance of the rheological properties for the printability and structural performance. The microstructural analysis uncovers the porosity and density disparities compared to traditional geopolymers. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights for researchers and practitioners to enhance the G3DP’s application as a futuristic sustainable construction material.

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Influence of kenaf stalk on printability and performance of 3D printed industrial tailings based geopolymer

Cited by 23 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of activator dosage and mass ratio of GGBFS to FA on 3D printing performance of kenaf geopolymer

Effect of activator dosage and mass ratio of GGBFS to FA on 3D printing performance of kenaf geopolymer

The Effects of Self-Polymerized Polydopamine Coating on Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid (PLA)–Kenaf Fiber (KF) in Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)

Geopolymer 3D printing: a comprehensive review on rheological and structural performance assessment, printing process parameters, and microstructure

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