Influence of Lactose on Faecal Microflora in Lactose Maldigestors

Ito, Masaki; Kimura, Makiko

doi:10.3109/08910609309141564

Cited by 48 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In lactose malabsorption, the ingested lactose is not digested in the small intestine, thereby allowing most of the lactose to enter the colon and to be rapidly metabolised by colonic bacteria. 31 One of the main products of fermentation is butyrate, a major energy source for colonocytes. The role of butyrate as a control factor of cell proliferation has been established and is believed to be of importance in the prevention of colorectal cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The C/C-13910 genotype of adult-type hypolactasia is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer in the Finnish population

Rasinperä

Forsblom

Enattah

et al. 2005

Gut

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Background and aims: The role of nutrition in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer is not fully understood. Milk products are an essential part of human nutrition in Western countries. Absorption of lactose, the main sugar of milk, is regulated by the activity of the lactase enzyme in the gut wall. The activity of lactase is genetically determined and is associated with a C/T single nucleotide polymorphism residing 13910 bp upstream of the lactase coding sequence. Here we have studied the relationship between the C/T 213910 polymorphism and colorectal cancer in Finnish, British, and Spanish populations. Patients and methods: A total of 2766 subjects, including 963 Finnish, 283 British, and 163 Spanish subjects with colorectal cancer, and 773 Finnish, 363 British, and 221 Spanish control subjects, were genotyped for the C/T 213910 variant by polymerase chain reaction minisequencing. Results: The C/C 213910 genotype, which is a robust molecular marker of low lactase activity (lactase nonpersistence), was found to significantly associate with the risk of colorectal cancer (p = 0.015) in the Finnish subjects, with an odds ratio of 1.40 (95% confidence interval 1.07-1.85). No association was found with site, histology, or stage of the tumour. No significant risk was detected in the British or Spanish populations. Conclusion: Low lactase enzyme activity, defined by genotyping of the C/T 213910 variant, may increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Further studies are warranted to investigate the role of milk and other dairy products in the pathogenesis of colon cancer in different populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The C/C-13910 genotype of adult-type hypolactasia is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer in the Finnish population

Rasinperä

Forsblom

Enattah

et al. 2005

Gut

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“…Organic acids in the caecal contents or faeces were analysed with a high-performance liquid chromatograph (ICA-3030; TOA Electronics Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) equipped with a column (KC-811 Shodex; Showa Denko Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) and a conductometric detector, as described elsewhere (Ito and Kimura 1993).…”

Section: Measurement Of the Organic Acid Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of human faecal flora-associated mouse model for evaluation of the functional foods

et al. 2004

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Aims: Animal models are required for evaluation of the functional foods such as pro/prebiotics exerting effects through the metabolism of the intestinal microflora. The object of this study was to establish new human floraassociated mice reflecting the environment of the human intestinal tract. Methods and Results: We inoculated a human faecal suspension into segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) monoassociated mice as a model system. In both human flora (HF) and SFB-associated mouse (HF-SFB mouse), intestinal characteristics such as the composition of intraepithelial lymphocytes, the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and the number of immunoglobulin A-producing cells in the mucosa was closer to those of conventionally reared mice than was case with human flora-associated mice (HF mice) lacking SFB. Several predominant bacterial groups except lactobacilli in human flora were found in faeces of HF-SFB mice. Lactobacilli established small populations in the gut of HF-SFB mice when administered before inoculation with the human flora. Faecal enzymatic activities and organic acid concentration of HF-SFB mice proportionally reflected those of the donor subject. Conclusion: We established a new human flora-associated mouse (HF-SFB mouse), in which intestinal characteristics are normally developed and their major microbial composition reflect the human. Significance and Impact of the Study: HF-SFB mice are a valuable model for studying pro/prebiotic effects on the human intestine.

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“…6 In the case of lactose maldigesters, adaptation is thought to occur by prebiotic effects and studies show bifidobacteria and lactobacilli increase after lactose in vitro and in vivo. 13,[28][29][30][31] Symptomatic improvement is noted to be correlated with reduction in hydrogen production. 32 In the current study no correlation of symptoms with hydrogen change was noted nor were alterations in bifidobacteria or lactobacilli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High fructose intake fails to induce symptomatic adaptation but may induce intestinal carriers

Heilpern

Abbas²,

Gladman

et al. 2010

Gastroenterol Insights

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Fructose has several interactions in man, including intolerance and promotion of some diseases. However, fructose in fruits and in prebiotics may be associated with benefits. Adaptation to regular fructose ingestion as defined for lactose could support a beneficial rather than a deleterious effect. This study was undertaken to evaluate symptomatic response and potential underlying mechanisms of fecal bacterial change and breath hydrogen response to short term regular fructose supplementation. Forty-five participants were recruited for a 3 day recall diet questionnaire and a 50 g fructose challenge. Breath hydrogen was measured for 4.5 hrs and symptoms were recorded. Thirty-eight subjects provided stool samples for analysis by selective culture of 4 groups of bacteria, including bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. Intolerant subjects returned a second time 15 days later. Ten of these served as controls and 16 received 30 g fructose twice a day. Ten of the latter returned 27 days later, after stopping fructose for a third challenge test. Student’s paired, unpaired t-tests and Pearson correlations were used. Significance was accepted at P<0.05. After fructose rechallenge there were no significant reductions in symptoms scores in volunteers in either the fructose supplemented or non supplemented groups. However, total breath hydrogen was reduced between test 1 and test 2 (P=0.03) or test 3 (P=0.04) in the group given fructose then discontinued, compared with controls. There were no statistically significant changes in bacterial numbers between test 2 and 1. This study shows that regular consumption of high dose fructose does not follow the lactose model of adaptation. Observed changes in hydrogen breath tests raise the possibility that intestinal carriers of fructose may be induced potentially aggravating medical problems attributed to fructose

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Influence of Lactose on Faecal Microflora in Lactose Maldigestors

Cited by 48 publications

References 17 publications

The C/C-13910 genotype of adult-type hypolactasia is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer in the Finnish population

The C/C-13910 genotype of adult-type hypolactasia is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer in the Finnish population

Improvement of human faecal flora-associated mouse model for evaluation of the functional foods

High fructose intake fails to induce symptomatic adaptation but may induce intestinal carriers

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