Influence of Land Use, Population, Employment, and Economic Activity on Accidents

Impact of traffic congestion on road accidents: A spatial analysis of the M25 motorway in England

“…Lord and Miranda-Moreno, 2007;Aguero-Valverde and Jovanis, 2008); and the Poisson-gamma model (also known as Negative Binomial model) which is widely used in accident analysis (e.g. Shankar et al, 1995;Milton and Mannering, 1998;Abdel-Aty and Radwan, 2000;Lord, 2000;Amoros et al, 2003;Noland and Quddus, 2004;Kim et al, 2006;Haynes et al, 2007). Poisson-lognormal and Poisson-gamma models have the advantage in that they can accommodate overdispersion in accident data.…”

“…Poisson based models, such as a Poisson-lognormal, a Poisson-gamma and a Poisson-lognormal with conditional autoregressive (CAR) priors have been recommended and widely used in the literature (e.g. Shankar et al, 1995;Milton andMannering, 1998, Abdel-Aty andRadwan, 2000;Lord, 2000;Amoros et al, 2003;Miaou et al, 2003;Kim et al, 2006;Lord and Miranda-Moreno, 2007;Aguero-Valverde and Jovanis 2008;Quddus, 2008). The base form of Poisson based model can be expressed as follows:…”

The effects of area-wide road speed and curvature on traffic casualties in England

“…2003;Ladron et al, 2004;Noland and Oh, 2004;Noland and Quddus, 2004;Aguero-Valverde and Jovanis, 2006;Kim et al 2006). These studies have focused on different types of road casualties, exploring various area-level explanatory factors such as land use, population, employment, road length, land-use mix, area deprivation (i.e., poverty), alcohol consumption (i.e., drink driving) and vehicle miles travelled (VMT).…”

“…Amoros et al (2003) investigated road accidents among several areas in France in order to explore whether observed differences in traffic casualties can be explained by differences in road types and socioeconomic characteristics between countries. Kim et al (2006) investigated the influence of land use, population, employment and economic activity on accidents based on a grid-based structure.…”

“…Much research has been conducted to identify the various factors affecting road casualties (see Shankar et al, 1995;Shefer and Rietveld, 1997;Abdel-Aty and Radwan, 2000;Ivan et al, 2000;Noland and Oh, 2004;Lord et al, 2005;Aguero-Valverde and Jovanis, 2006;and Kim et al 2006). These factors are related to road infrastructure, traffic and socio-demographic characteristics, land use and the environment.…”