Influence of Li-B-Si Additions on the Sintering and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Ba-Nd-Ti Ceramics

Low-temperature sintering and microwave dielectric properties of BaO–0.15ZnO–4TiO2 ceramics with Li2O–B2O3–SiO2 addition

“…The liquid phase promotes the arrangement of particles at the early stage of sintering and facilitates mass transportation in the course of the sintering process. As the liquid penetrates between the grains, it fills the pores in between and draws the grains together by capillary attraction [9]. Additionally, LBS also promotes the reaction between the Ba 4 Ti 13 O 30 and TiO 2 phases, providing BaTi 5 O 11 and BaTi(BO 3 ) 2 phases at low sintering temperature, different from the formation of BaTi 4 O 9 at high sintering temperature for pure BZT.…”

“…Hence, product reliability cannot be guaranteed. [9]. It indicates that LBS addition obviously lowered the sintering temperature without damaging its microwave dielectric properties.…”

“…The common methods to reduce the sintering temperature include adding sintering aids or using chemical routes to prepare nanopowders. On the one hand, addition of a sintering aid such as a low-melting glass or oxide with low melting point was considered to be a useful approach [9]. Many kinds of sintering aids, such as B 2 [15][16][17][18], have been added in BaTi 4 O 9 and BaO-ZnO-TiO 2 system to decrease the sintering temperature successfully, among which Li 2 O-B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 (LBS) glass is one of the widely used sintering aids [19,20].…”

Low-temperature firing and microwave dielectric properties of Ba–Nd–Ti with composite doping Li–B–Si and Ba–Zn–B glasses

“…Wu et al [21] studied BaO-Nd 2 O 3 -TiO 2 ceramics doped with CuO-B 2 O 3 and achieved the sintering temperature to 925°C, obtaining ceramics with e r = 63, s f = 28 ppm/°C, Q 9 f = 5300 GHz. Zheng et al [22] In the previous studies [23,26], the Li-Nb-Ti ceramic doped with 5 wt% LBS glass could be well sintered at 850°C and exhibited excellent microwave dielectric properties of e r = 19.16, Q 9 f = 41413 GHz, and s f = -1.62 ppm/°C, and Ba-Nd-Ti ceramics with 3 wt% Li 2 O-B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 (LBS) additions showed excellent microwave dielectric properties when sintered at 975°C: e r = 65.99, Q 9 f = 4943 GHz, s f = 19 ppm/°C. Jhou et al [27] reported that BZB glass could be used for low temperature sintering of BaTi 4 O 9 ceramics at 925°C, with e r = 28-33, Q 9 f = 15000-20000 GHz.…”

Effects of La2O3-B2O3-ZnO additions on the low temperature sintering and microwave dielectric properties of (Ca0.61La0.26) TiO3ceramics

“…In normal conditions, the firing temperature of the LTCC materials is limited below 950 o C [3]. High relative permittivities are necessary since the size of the dielectric device is inversely proportional to the square root of the dielectric constant ε r .…”