Influence of limiting factors of the growing season on the yield of early-maturing soybean varieties

Abstract

Soybean has an ecological adaptability due to the deep selectivity of this crop in relation to the specific features of the growing zone. At the same time, it makes increased demands on heat and moisture, especially during certain "critical" periods of growth and development. The lower threshold of active average daily temperatures is 15–17oC, and for full maturation of ultra-ripe and early-maturing varieties, the sum of active temperatures of 1700–2100oС is required. Assessment of the agro-climatic resources of the Ryazan region indicates the possibility of growing precocious soybean varieties here. The limiting indicator in some critical periods may be insufficient moisture. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that soybean varieties of the Northern ecotype are able to form a stable yield in the conditions of the Ryazan region. At the same time, the lesser response to changes in agroclimatic conditions was shown by the Kasatka variety, which showed the shortest growing season and yield at the level of 1.00 t / ha. The Georgiya variety reacted more than any other to changes in weather conditions, its yield was from 1.24 to 1.72 t/ha over the years of research.