Influence of lipid class and fatty acid deficiency on survival, growth, and fatty acid composition in rainbow trout juveniles

Rinchard, Jacques; Czesny, Sergiusz J.; Dąbrowski, Konrad

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.11.024

Cited by 73 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…These results may be explained by the growth enhancing effect of PLs, especially phosphatidylcholine, which might increase the efficiency of lipid digestion and absorption [127]. Similar results were also reported in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss [132] and Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar [133] juveniles. Moreover, the authors reported that dietary SBL did not have significant effects on hematological parameters (i.e., hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBCs, and WBCs) in S. hasta juveniles.…”

Section: Phospholipidssupporting

confidence: 81%

Macronutrient Requirements of Silvery-Black Porgy (Sparidentex hasta): A Comparison with Other Farmed Sparid Species

Mozanzadeh¹,

Marammazi²,

Yaghoubi³

et al. 2017

Fishes

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Silvery-black porgy (Sparidentex hasta) is recognized as one of the most promising fish species for aquaculture diversification in the Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea regions. In this regard, S. hasta has received considerable attention, and nutritional studies focused on establishing the nutritional requirements for improving diet formulation have been conducted during recent years. Considering the results from different dose-response nutritional studies on macronutrient requirements conducted in this species, it can be concluded that diets containing ca. 48% crude protein, 15% crude lipid, 15% carbohydrates and 20 KJ g −1 gross energy are recommended for on-growing S. hasta juveniles. In addition, the optimum essential amino acid profile for this species (expressed as g 16 g N −1 ), should be approximately arginine 5.3, lysine 6.0, threonine 5.2, histidine 2.5, isoleucine 4.6, leucine 5.4, methionine + cysteine 4.0 (in a diet containing 0.6 cysteine), phenylalanine + tyrosine 5.6 (in a diet containing 1.9 tyrosine), tryptophan 1.0 and valine 4.6. Moreover, the optimum dietary n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and soybean lecithin are recommended to be 0.8% and 6%, respectively. The maximum replacement of fish meal with soy protein is recommended to be between 16.5% and 27.3%. In addition, different vegetal oil sources are also recommended for partial and almost complete replacement of fish oil in diets. Although the nutritional requirements in terms of macronutrients have been established under laboratory conditions, the analysis of the available literature indicate that future studies need to be conducted using a more holistic approach under intensive farming conditions in which different nutrients or additives need to be tested under different rearing conditions for refining nutrient requirements in this species.

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Section: Phospholipidssupporting

confidence: 81%

Macronutrient Requirements of Silvery-Black Porgy (Sparidentex hasta): A Comparison with Other Farmed Sparid Species

Mozanzadeh¹,

Marammazi²,

Yaghoubi³

et al. 2017

Fishes

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“…This research supports the results achieved in this study. Additional previous studies have also reported greater growth in the cases where dietary vegetable oils were used in place of fish oil in some fish species such as South American catfish (Arslan et al 2008), rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rinchard et al 2007), African catfish (Hoffman and Prinsloo, 1995;Ng et al 2003), and hybrid tilapia (Huang et al, 1998;Ng et al, 2001). In freshwater fish species, LA and LNA will fulfill the essential fatty acid requirements because freshwater fish have the ability to convert these fatty acids to longer chain n-3 and n-6 PUFA (Sargent et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phospholipids are known to increase lipid utilization and their incorporation into enterocytes (Hadas et al, 2003). Several studies have reported that dietary soybean lecithin, a phospholipids source, had growth promoting effect in sea bass (Cahu et al, 2003), rainbow trout (Rinchard et al, 2007), carp Cyprinus carpio (Geurden et al, 1997), and South American catfish (Arslan et al, 2008). In rainbow trout, fish fed a diet with lecithin as the primary dietary lipid source had significantly higher growth performance than those fed a diet with fish oil in water temperatures ranging from 15 to 19 o C (Rinchard et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have reported that dietary soybean lecithin, a phospholipids source, had growth promoting effect in sea bass (Cahu et al, 2003), rainbow trout (Rinchard et al, 2007), carp Cyprinus carpio (Geurden et al, 1997), and South American catfish (Arslan et al, 2008). In rainbow trout, fish fed a diet with lecithin as the primary dietary lipid source had significantly higher growth performance than those fed a diet with fish oil in water temperatures ranging from 15 to 19 o C (Rinchard et al, 2007). In the present study, which was conducted at a temperature of 13 o C, fish fed a diet with fish oil (the MO diet) showed similar growth rates as those fed diets with soybean lecithin (the LE diet).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arslan¹,

Sirkecioğlu²,

Bayır³

et al. 2012

Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Brown trout Salmo trutta (~1 g) were fed four casein-gelatin based diets with different lipid resources for 6 weeks. The sources of dietary lipid were menhaden oil (MO diet), hazelnut oil (HO diet,), a blend of linseed oil and soybean oil (1:1) (LO+SO diet), and soybean lecithin (LE diet). Feeding trial was conducted in a recirculating water system at 13±0.2°C. Fish fed LO+SO diet demonstrated the highest growth performance while those fed HO diet had the lowest growth rate (P<0.05). The fatty acid profiles of fish reflected the fatty acid composition of the diets. High level of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) in whole body lipids of fish fed LO+SO diet corresponded with the high level of linolenic acid (18:3n-3, LNA) in the lipids of this diet. Fish fed LE diet which was rich in linoleic acid (18:2n-6, LA) had the highest level of arachidonic acid (20:4n-6 , ARA) in their body. The results suggest that the efficiency of elongation and desaturation of C18 fatty acids depends on the dietary lipid source and brown trout has capacity to transform LA and LNA to ARA and DHA, respectively. Growth depletion in fish fed HO diet might be caused by essential fatty acid deficiency.Keywords: Brown trout, Salmo trutta, lipids, fatty acids, growth. Balık Yağı Yerine Kullanılan Farklı Diyetsel Bitkisel Yağların Kahverengi Alabalık (Salmo trutta) Yavrularında Büyüme ve Yağ Asidi Kompozisyonuna Etkisi ÖzetMevcut çalışmada yaklaşık 1 g ağırlığındaki kahverengi alabalık yavruları 6 hafta süre ile kazein-jelâtin tabanlı yemlerle beslenmiştir. Yemlerde yağ kaynağı olarak balık (ringa) yağı (MO diyeti), fındık yağı (HO diyeti), soya yağı-keten tohumu yağı karışımı (1:1) (LO+SO diyeti) ve soya lesitini (LE diyeti) kullanılmıştır. Kapalı devre su sisteminde yürütülen çalışma boyunca sıcaklık 13±0,2°C olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Çalışma sonunda LO+SO yemi ile beslenen balıklar diğer yemlerle beslenen balıklara göre önemli derecede yüksek büyüme performansı göstermiştir (P<0,05). En düşük büyüme HO yemi ile beslenen balıklarda görülmüştür. Tüm vücuda ait toplam yağların nötral ve polar lipit fraksiyonlarının yağ asidi içerikleri yemlerin yağ asidi içeriklerini yansıtmıştır. Yüksek düzeyde linolenik asit (18:3n-3, LNA) içeriğine sahip LO+SO diyeti ile beslenen balıkların vücudunda, dokozahekzaenoik asit (22:6n-3, DHA) miktarında artış görülmüştür. Benzer şekilde en yüksek araşidonik asit (20:4n-6, ARA) içeriği, 18:2n-6 (linolenik asit, LA) bakımından zengin olan LE diyeti ile beslenen balıklarda görülmüştür. Mevcut çalışmanın sonuçları, kahverengi alabalıkta yemlerdeki yağ kaynağına bağlı olarak LA ve LNA in sırasıyla ARA ve DHA e dönüştürebildiğini göstermektedir. Fındık yağı ile beslenen balıklardaki düşük büyümenin esansiyel yağ asidi eksikliğinden kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Kahverengi alabalık, Salmo trutta, yağlar, yağ asitleri, büyüme.

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“…Using rainbow trout, Rinchard et al (2007) showed that both growth and survival of rainbow trout with initial weight 182g was superior when soy lecithin (14%) was used as lipid source compared to soybean oil, linseed oil and fish oil. Likewise, large amounts of lipid droplets have been reported to accumulate in livers of European sea bass (Mourente et al 2005b) and gilthead sea bream (Wassef et al 2007), in intestinal enterocytes of gilthead sea bream , Arctic charr (Olsen et al 1999b;, rainbow trout (Olsen et al 2003) and Atlantic salmon (Olsen and Ringø unpublished data).…”

Section: Norwegian Scientific Committee For Food Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%