Despite the preferential use of titanium
dioxide (TiO2) as electron transport layers (ETLs) for
perovskite solar cells
(PSCs), some problems are still needed to be solved to achieve better
power conversion efficiency (PCE). Herein, TiO2 nanotubes
(TD-NTs) with network structures have been obtained through an inexpensive
hydrothermal strategy. The obtained TD-NTs have been used in constructing
PSCs as a favorable interface ETL. The PSC based on TD-NTs displayed
a high PCE of 19.14%, increased by 11.4% compared to 17.18% for TiO2 nanoparticles (TD-NPs) as a reference under the same conditions.
The benefits beyond the amalgamation of nanotube structures are suppression
of charge recombination and reinforcement of the transport pathways
for carriers. The stability tests have shown that the cells with the
TD-NT network maintain over 90% of their efficiency even after more
than 500 h, much better than that of normal nanoparticle-based ones.
Overall, TD-NT-ETL has demonstrated its potential in efficient and
stable PSCs.